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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. According to John C. Calhoun, what created equality among white Americans?
(a) The relocation of African-Americans.
(b) Competition.
(c) The submission of African-Americans.
(d) Universal education.

2. How did the Founders feel about democracy?
(a) It was effective as long as the people believed in the nation.
(b) It was a limited method of protecting liberty.
(c) It was the perfect method of protecting liberty.
(d) It would eventually dissolve into an oligarchy.

3. What form of oppression did Wendell Phillips condemn in the North?
(a) Legalized slavery.
(b) Indentured servitude.
(c) Wage slavery.
(d) Prostitution.

4. How long did Abraham Lincoln initially plan for the war to last?
(a) Three months.
(b) One year.
(c) Between twelve and eighteen months.
(d) Six months.

5. What class of people are usually attracted to democracy?
(a) The working class.
(b) The aristocracy.
(c) The middle class.
(d) Laborers.

Short Answer Questions

1. What concern did Abraham Lincoln have about secession?

2. What type of balance were the Founders attempting to create?

3. How did John C. Calhoun believe the North was attempting to gain political control over new states?

4. How did Andrew Jackson acquire massive debts?

5. Which politicians from Chapter 3 supported a National Bank?

Short Essay Questions

1. Why does Hofstadter consider Wendell Phillips the most effective abolitionist?

2. Which citizens did the Founders originally intend to give the most power and why?

3. Why did Thomas Jefferson like Locke's political theory?

4. What is an agrarian lifestyle?

5. What other form of oppression did Wendell Phillips seek to undermine besides slavery?

6. How did Abraham Lincoln rise to power?

7. What social reforms did Thomas Jefferson make in Virginia?

8. Why didn't the Founders want to establish a monarchy?

9. Why was John C. Calhoun forced to resign as vice-president?

10. How did the American aristocracy establish their social hierarchy in the 18th and 19th centuries?

(see the answer keys)

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