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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. How did John C. Calhoun believe the North was oppressing the South?
(a) With increased federal taxes.
(b) With blockades.
(c) With high tariffs.
(d) By refusing to build railroads.

2. Which movement advocated a philosophy of natural rights and human equality?
(a) The progressive movement.
(b) The socialist movement.
(c) The democratic movement.
(d) The abolitionist movement.

3. How did the Founders feel about democracy?
(a) It was a limited method of protecting liberty.
(b) It was effective as long as the people believed in the nation.
(c) It was the perfect method of protecting liberty.
(d) It would eventually dissolve into an oligarchy.

4. Which economic system did Wendell Phillips oppose?
(a) Mercantile.
(b) Socialist.
(c) Capitalist.
(d) Laissez-faire.

5. According to Hofstadter, why did Abraham Lincoln issue the Emancipation Proclamation?
(a) To undermine the economy of the South.
(b) Slave labor was driving the price of goods up.
(c) He feared the rise of white slavery.
(d) Because slavery was immoral.

Short Answer Questions

1. Who won the presidential election in 1832?

2. What class of people are usually attracted to democracy?

3. How did Abraham Lincoln force the Confederacy into a battle?

4. How did Thomas Jefferson feel about property rights?

5. In which state was Abraham Lincoln raised?

Short Essay Questions

1. What other form of oppression did Wendell Phillips seek to undermine besides slavery?

2. Why did some free states in the West not want freed slaves residing in their states?

3. Why does Hofstadter compare John C. Calhoun to Karl Marx?

4. Why didn't the Founders want to establish a monarchy?

5. Describe John C. Calhoun.

6. How did Thomas Jefferson's foreign policies affect his career?

7. How did the American aristocracy establish their social hierarchy in the 18th and 19th centuries?

8. How did the Bank of America contribute to Andrew Jackson's rise to power?

9. Which citizens did the Founders originally intend to give the most power and why?

10. Why does Hofstadter consider Wendell Phillips the most effective abolitionist?

(see the answer keys)

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