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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. Who were the only ones allowed to decide on capital punishment, imprisonment, and flogging?
(a) Generals.
(b) Chiefs.
(c) Kings.
(d) Priests.

2. Present knowledge shows which group immigrated into Britain at least three separate times?
(a) The Celts.
(b) The Gauls.
(c) The Romans.
(d) The Vikings.

3. What did Germans fear for their women?
(a) An impoverished life.
(b) Enslavement.
(c) Death.
(d) Starvation.

4. What was so unique about the German tribe Chauci?
(a) They were pacifists.
(b) They sung during battle.
(c) They wore their hair long.
(d) They dwelled in peace as well as in war.

5. In addition to omens in a bird's flight, what other ways did Germans read omens and warnings?
(a) From cattle manure.
(b) Listening to special horses.
(c) In a sheep's cry.
(d) Via tea leaves.

6. German strength in fighting was best seen in their __________.
(a) Cavalry.
(b) Courage.
(c) Infantry.
(d) Arms.

7. What was one of the most shameful acts a German soldier could do?
(a) Die before his first kill.
(b) Throw away his shield.
(c) Cut his hair.
(d) Kill a woman or child.

8. "The Germania" is believed to come from a single manuscript written in what century?
(a) Early 16th century.
(b) 9th century.
(c) 100 A.D.
(d) Early 6th century.

9. Why did Agricola build forts to surround newly submitted British?
(a) It protected the British from their unconquered neighbors.
(b) It built fear in them.
(c) It kept them from escaping.
(d) It controlled imports and exports.

10. Of all the German tribes, which held the greatest in number?
(a) Batavi.
(b) Chatti.
(c) Chauci.
(d) Suebi.

11. How could a German chief show prestige and power?
(a) By the beauty of his horse.
(b) By his possession of gold.
(c) In his number of kills.
(d) By his retinue.

12. During assembly, how did the Germans show respectful agreement?
(a) Nodded their heads.
(b) Clashed their weapons.
(c) Said "Ja."
(d) Kept silence.

13. What evidence shows Tacitus could have been wrong in claiming Domitian's triumph was a sham?
(a) Another biography on Domitian states otherwise.
(b) There is no evidence Domitian ever made such a claim.
(c) Record books show Domitian's presence in Germany.
(d) Modern archaeology confirms a genuine victory.

14. Who got to voice their opinions in major affairs in German tribes?
(a) Chiefs only.
(b) The whole community.
(c) The women.
(d) The generals.

15. Although feuds between families passed on to heirs, what reconciled them?
(a) Enough cattle and sheep.
(b) An arranged marriage to unite the two families.
(c) A fair duel.
(d) Enough gold and silver.

Short Answer Questions

1. How did Tacitus distinguish some tribes as German and not Sarmations?

2. How could Agricola take advantage of the staff-captaincy post?

3. What was a common duty for German men to do when not partaking in war?

4. How were the Germans' squadrons grouped?

5. Tacitus criticized the Sitones more than other German tribes because of what cultural difference?

(see the answer keys)

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