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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. What does John Randolph Neal do while serving as the primary defense at a preliminary hearing on May 9?
(a) Maintains that the text Scopes uses has school approval.
(b) Maintains that Scopes' teaching does not conflict with biblical accounts.
(c) Declines to make a statement.
(d) Readily concedes that Scopes teaches human evolution.

2. Which man, Darrow or Bryan, eventually backs down from the challenges the Scopes trial presents?
(a) Both.
(b) Darrow.
(c) Bryan.
(d) Neither.

3. Darrow grows to see evolutionary theory as a way of doing what?
(a) Debunking biblical accounts of divine creation, design.
(b) Guaranteeing American civil liberty of freedom of speech.
(c) Supporting the ACLU leaders in garnering their initial victory.
(d) Achieving Scopes' clearance of the criminal charges.

4. Who spurs the idea that science and religion conflict, and deny a growing consensus among theologians and scientists by the 1900s?
(a) Clergy, natural scientists.
(b) Historians, theologians.
(c) Historians, writers.
(d) Historians, geologists.

5. Despite its rise, the anti-evolution movement lacks a clear, specific legal or political issue until when?
(a) Late 1923.
(b) Early 1925.
(c) Late 1921.
(d) Early 1924.

Short Answer Questions

1. What do modernists argue matters regarding the accounts within biblical scriptures?

2. Bryan hears of the proposal to ban teaching evolution, and as he supports the idea in talks and writing, he does what else?

3. What is Bryan's view regarding World War I?

4. Darrow's practice shifts slowly to criminal law where he often seeks to challenge traditional ideologies of what?

5. Anti-evolutionists gain a political and legal issue when a group in which state calls for a law against teaching evolution?

Short Essay Questions

1. What does George W. Rappleyea see upon viewing the press release about the trial in Dayton?

2. Why is it that the ACLU is concerned about the academic freedom around which the Scopes trial centers?

3. Although Darrow never specifically asked about evolution, he did lead Bryan through a series of questions intended to show what?

4. What is the evolutionary theory that French naturalist Chevalier de Lamarck suggests more than a century prior to Darwin's?

5. In his introduction, how does the author describe the scene where Clarence Darrow questions William Jennings Bryan?

6. How is it that, by the turn of the 20th century, writers and historians are keeping alive the idea of disagreement between religion and science?

7. What is the position that Bryan comes to aid in prosecuting?

8. What role does William Jennings Bryan play in the rise of the anti-evolutionary movement and events leading to the Scopes trial?

9. What are essential things that took place during the preliminary hearing on May 9, 1925?

10. What role does World War I play in the tensions between fundamentalists and modernists?

(see the answer keys)

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