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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.

Short Answer Questions

1. What other country was a part of the Sinocentric world?

2. What is Kissinger's first name?

3. Who was considered to be China's principal threat at this time?

4. By this time it is believed that China had survived for ____ years.

5. China often referred to itself as the "Most ____ Nation."

Short Essay Questions

1. Abbé Régis-Evariste Huc made observations about China. What did Huc write?

2. What did China do to combat the threats from the Europeans?

3. What does Kissinger say about the beginning of the decline of China?

4. Why were the Chinese approached by the "red-haired barbarians" of Britain in regards to free trade?

5. What was the Nian Rebellion? When did it occur? Who took over the government?

6. According to Kissinger, the tale of the Yellow Emperor is the beginning of China as an entity. However, in Chinese legend, although no other history exists, the Yellow Emperor appears to have arrived to save China. What is the legend?

7. Examine the first appearance of Chinese characters as they came into being.

8. How does Kissinger explain the Nian Rebellion?

9. How did China perceive Europe? What was Britain's goal?

10. The Chinese are very involved in strategy. Examine the Chinese use of strategy and the types of games in which it is employed.

Essay Topics

Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:

Essay Topic 1

China always saw itself as a superior country in both power and culture. Examine this mentality. What gave China the impression that it was superior? Was it superior? How did it show this superiority over its enemies? How did other countries view this standpoint? Explain.

Essay Topic 2

Confucius was a little-realized prophet, poet, and philosopher during his time. Posthumously, Confucius' words would help to form a nation that would become one of the world's superpowers. Discuss Confucius. What was his role in the Chinese government? How was Confucius' work viewed during his life? Why did it take generations for Confucius' work to become revered? How is it viewed today?

Essay Topic 3

If a world order had not been introduced into China in the mid 1800s, how long do you think it would have taken for it to be introduced? Why did the Chinese leaders say that it would take 100 years to develop a strong relationship with the United States? What reservations did the Emperor have about forming relationships with the outside world? Do you think it is possible to run an isolated country in today's world?

(see the answer keys)

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