3. Which country attempted to invade China from the north and west to claim dominance over the country's high lands?
(a) Britain.
(b) Russia.
(c) Turkey.
(d) India.

4. In which direction did the nomadic groups tend to stay?
(a) West.
(b) South.
(c) East.
(d) North.

5. The Chinese referred to the British as ____.
(a) Idiots.
(b) Ruthless.
(c) Nomads.
(d) Barbarians.

Short Answer Questions

1. In 1820, China produced ____ of the world GDP.

2. In 1859, Frederick ____ arrived in Beijing.

3. In what year was the Treaty of Tianjin signed?

4. China saw itself as being in the center of the world and often referred to itself as the _____.

5. The Prince quote an ancient Chinese saying: "Resort to peace and _____ when temporarily obliged to do so; use war and defense as your actual policy."

Short Essay Questions

1. What did China do to compete with Japan and Russia? When did the Chinese realize that they were not all powerful?

2. What does Kissinger say about the beginning of the decline of China?

3. According to Kissinger, the tale of the Yellow Emperor is the beginning of China as an entity. However, in Chinese legend, although no other history exists, the Yellow Emperor appears to have arrived to save China. What is the legend?

4. What was Prince Gong's plan? Who emulated Prince Gong's work?

5. How does Kissinger explain the Nian Rebellion?

6. How does Kissinger address the history of the Chinese-Indian borders?

7. What was the Taiping Rebellion? When did it take place?

8. What was Kissinger's opening explanation of his time in China?

9. Who was Wei Yuan? When did he live? What was his major work? What did the work contain?

10. The culmination of Chinese warring was two and a half centuries of turmoil. To what does Kissinger compare this era?

(see the answer keys)

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