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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. Which two thinkers does Aristotle reference in X.8 concerning the nature of those who are happy?
(a) Solon and Anaxagoras.
(b) Plato and Empedocles.
(c) Socrates and Anaximander.
(d) Aeschylus and Parmenides.

2. With what sort of artists does Aristotle draw a comparison concerning the incontinent?
(a) Singers.
(b) Sculptors.
(c) Painters.
(d) Actors.

3. Friendship with whom is discussed in IX.4?
(a) One's lover.
(b) One's mentor.
(c) Oneself.
(d) One's father.

4. What does Aristotle discuss as being an impediment to happiness, despite many having an opinion to the contrary, in VII.13?
(a) Pain itself.
(b) Wisdom.
(c) Good fortune.
(d) Pleasure itself.

5. By their intelligent deliberations, concerning what are those who have practical judgment distinguished from others, according to Aristotle's philosophical inquiry?
(a) Making money.
(b) Avoiding problems.
(c) Acquiring power.
(d) Living well.

Short Answer Questions

1. Whom does Aristotle reference as taking in payment whatever his student desired to pay for the knowledge he would learn?

2. Aristotle notes that each political constitution involves friendship to the same degree that it involves what?

3. What does Aristotle state is akin to friendship in the beginning of IX.5?

4. What sort of person is opposite, in the opinion of Aristotle, the person who is soft?

5. Without what power of the soul does Aristotle state there cannot be a governing part of the soul?

Short Essay Questions

1. Why does Aristotle state that mothers have greater love for their children than children for their parents?

2. What does Aristotle intend to convey by comparing vice to the disease of consumption (tuberculosis)?

3. Through the possession of what virtue, according to Aristotle, is man said to have possession of all the intellectual virtues, at least to some degree, and why?

4. Why is it that having friends in a time of one's good fortune is, in the philosophy of Aristotle, more beautiful than in other times?

5. Why is it difficult, in the opinion of Aristotle, for a person to have many close and virtuous friends?

6. What is the significance of Aristotle saying that the active conditions of the soul that are the intellectual virtues produce something, not as medicine produces health, but as health produces health?

7. Explain the three sorts of friendship described in Book VIII.

8. For Aristotle, in what does the relationship between man's nature and his need for friends consist?

9. Why does Aristotle state that words concerning feelings and actions are less believable than actions themselves?

10. Why is it said by Aristotle that the lesser types of friendship are called friendship only insofar as they resemble the highest?

(see the answer keys)

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