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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. Living in accordance with virtue can be said to be what, according to Aristotle?
(a) Almost impossible.
(b) Always difficult.
(c) Pleasant in itself.
(d) Remarkably easy.

2. Who is the worst person in the community in Aristotle's judgment?
(a) One who uses vice in relation to himself and others.
(b) One who uses virtue in relation to himself and ignores others.
(c) One who uses vice in relation strictly to others.
(d) One who uses vice in relation to himself alone.

3. In how many ways does Aristotle speak of the mean in II.6?
(a) Two.
(b) Four.
(c) Three.
(d) One.

4. What determines, according to Aristotle's arguments in V.8, the justice or injustice of one's actions?
(a) Whether or not it deals with the whole person.
(b) Whether or not it deals with the community.
(c) Whether or not it is done willingly.
(d) Whether or not it is reciprocated.

5. Which of the following does Aristotle not list as a feeling that comes to be present in the soul?
(a) Knowledge.
(b) Longing.
(c) Fear.
(d) Joy.

6. With what is temperance principally concerned in the mind of Aristotle?
(a) Pleasures.
(b) Pains.
(c) Sexual deviance.
(d) Intellectual virtue.

7. How many types of virtue does Aristotle claim exist at the beginning of Book II?
(a) Two.
(b) Three.
(c) Seven.
(d) One.

8. What is demonstrated, in Aristotle's perspective, by the person who calmly bears misfortunes and sufferings?
(a) Something futile.
(b) Something beautiful.
(c) Something unpredictable.
(d) Something hideous.

9. In contrast to wishing, which is for an end, for what is choosing in Aristotle's philosophical view?
(a) Things related to the end.
(b) Things related to the self.
(c) Things related to others.
(d) Things related to the means.

10. What is the virtuous disposition most directly concerned, for Aristotle, with playfulness and humor?
(a) Charm.
(b) Wisdom.
(c) Pleasantness.
(d) Wit.

11. Which alone among the virtues seems, for Aristotle, to be someone else's good?
(a) Temperance.
(b) Justice.
(c) Courage.
(d) Magnanimity.

12. Which of the following does Aristotle explicitly claim is better than acting unjustly in V.11?
(a) Avoiding all injustice.
(b) Justly treating others.
(c) Being treated justly.
(d) Suffering injustice.

13. To whom, or what, does Aristotle say the person who commits suicide is being unjust?
(a) Himself.
(b) The gods.
(c) His teachers.
(d) The city.

14. How many types of justice are discussed in V.4?
(a) Six.
(b) Two.
(c) One.
(d) Three.

15. Aristotle states in I.6 that it is nobler to give the higher honor to which of the following?
(a) One's self.
(b) The state.
(c) One's friends.
(d) The truth.

Short Answer Questions

1. Who, in the opinion of Aristotle, is benefited by a stingy person?

2. In what do most people take refuge, according to the theory proposed by Aristotle, rather than perform virtuous acts?

3. For the sake of what does Aristotle state the courageous person endures the fearful?

4. About what good and aim of politics do people commonly dispute, according to Aristotle?

5. How do lawmakers make citizens good in the opinion of Aristotle?

(see the answer keys)

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