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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. How many virtues does magnanimity require, for Aristotle, in order to be in a person?
(a) All of them.
(b) None of them.
(c) Three of them.
(d) Most of them.

2. With what two conditions is courage principally concerned, according to Aristotle?
(a) Fear and confidence.
(b) Knowledge and ignorance.
(c) Cowardice and rage.
(d) Love and hatred.

3. At what does every action seem to aim, according to Aristotle?
(a) Some profit.
(b) Some target.
(c) Some good.
(d) Another action.

4. With what is the virtue of generosity concerned, according to Aristotle?
(a) Fame.
(b) Time.
(c) Money.
(d) Possessions.

5. Aristotle states in I.6 that it is nobler to give the higher honor to which of the following?
(a) One's friends.
(b) One's self.
(c) The state.
(d) The truth.

6. What did the Pythagoreans say is simply just?
(a) Virtue.
(b) Equity.
(c) Reciprocity.
(d) Distribution.

7. Which of the following does Aristotle explicitly claim is better than acting unjustly in V.11?
(a) Suffering injustice.
(b) Being treated justly.
(c) Justly treating others.
(d) Avoiding all injustice.

8. What sort of men, in Aristotle's observations, are most confident in the various situations of war?
(a) The naturally courageous.
(b) The ignorant.
(c) The experienced.
(d) The reckless.

9. With what is V.10 concerned?
(a) The equitable.
(b) The oligarchy.
(c) The aristocracy.
(d) The distributable.

10. Aristotle states that as a child needs an instructor, so too do the desiring parts of the soul need what?
(a) Freedom.
(b) A body.
(c) Rest.
(d) Reason.

11. According to Aristotle, to what degree do the fortunes of one's family and friends likely impact the deceased?
(a) A great degree.
(b) No amount at all.
(c) An almost infinite amount.
(d) A small degree.

12. The attainment of serious moral stature is described by Aristotle in II.9 as being what?
(a) Almost impossible.
(b) Natural.
(c) Impractical.
(d) Hard work.

13. Which of the following does Aristotle not list as a theory of that by which happiness comes about?
(a) Learning.
(b) Biological nature.
(c) Divine providence.
(d) Training.

14. Who is the worst person in the community in Aristotle's judgment?
(a) One who uses vice in relation to himself and others.
(b) One who uses virtue in relation to himself and ignores others.
(c) One who uses vice in relation strictly to others.
(d) One who uses vice in relation to himself alone.

15. What word, by the description of Aristotle, well-describes the person who considers himself worthy of great things, or to be magnanimous, but is not?
(a) High-minded.
(b) Proud.
(c) Vain.
(d) Vulgar.

Short Answer Questions

1. In what do most people take refuge, according to the theory proposed by Aristotle, rather than perform virtuous acts?

2. In I.12, Aristotle states that praise belongs properly to what?

3. Which alone among the virtues seems, for Aristotle, to be someone else's good?

4. With what virtue is III.10 concerned?

5. What causes a distortion to come about in most people, according to the opinion of Aristotle in III.4?

(see the answer keys)

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