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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.

Short Answer Questions

1. Hadrian discusses his travels after the installment of Antinous in his life. Outside which city do the local officials draw up enormous fires for Hadrian's troops?

2. Which of the following individuals declares Antinous dead after his body is found in the river?

3. Upon his return to Rome Hadrian begins work on the Odeon, which is a __________________.

4. When discussing how he began to involve himself with other lovers, to Antinous' disgust, Hadrian says that he forced Antinous to endure the presence of a courtesan in which city?

5. After discussing the Jewish rebellion in Jerusalem, Hadrian takes a young tribune named _________ as his new aide?

Short Essay Questions

1. Why, when choosing a successor, does Hadrian settle on Lucius?

2. In "Saeculum Aureum, 171-189," why does Hadrian begin to push Antinous away?

3. Describe the three prospects Hadrian dismisses before finally settling on Lucius as his successor and why those three are dismissed.

4. In "Disciplina Augusta, 233-251," what causes the initial problems between the Roman troops and the Jewish residents of Jerusalem?

5. What observations does Hadrian make upon first meeting Antinous?

6. As Hadrian recounts the series of misunderstandings that lead to Jewish revolt in Jerusalem, what attitude does he take toward the Jews?

7. When rumors begin to fly about the influence Lucius and Antinous must have over Hadrian, what reasons does he give that indicate these accusations are ridiculous?

8. How does Hadrian respond to the Christian admonition which consists of "loving another as oneself" after he is approached by Quadratus to defend Christians?

9. What qualities strike Hadrian as special when he first meets Arrian of Nicomedia?

10. What happens to Hadrian's secretary in "Disciplina Augusta, 211-233"?

Essay Topics

Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:

Essay Topic 1

Hadrian is dedicated to refurbishing Italy. Why is this so important to him? Discuss Hadrian's view of his legacy as it relates to this sort of action during his reign. Be sure to fully support your response.

Essay Topic 2

Hadrian begins to feel himself divine. One of the results of his newly found divinity is that he begins to take Antinous for granted. Discuss three ways in which Hadrian's new attitude negatively impacts his relationship with Antinous. Be sure to include supporting information from the text.

Essay Topic 3

Compare and contrast Hadrian's ruling style with that of Trajan, Nerva, and Domitian. Include supporting information from the text and outside research as necessary.

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