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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.

Short Answer Questions

1. Hadrian discusses his travels after the installment of Antinous in his life. Outside which city do the local officials draw up enormous fires for Hadrian's troops?

2. As he talks about how Antinous came to be part of his life, Hadrian compares him to which animal?

3. Upon returning to Rome in "Disciplina Augusta, 251-271," Hadrian once again takes up his friendship with which of the following individuals?

4. Hadrian grows angry with a writer during his first discussions of his life at the villa and summons the writer to tell him that he is exiled. What is the writer's name?

5. Which of the following individuals alerts Hadrian that Antinous has gone missing in "Saeculum Aureum, 189-211"?

Short Essay Questions

1. What happens to Hadrian's secretary in "Disciplina Augusta, 211-233"?

2. What qualities strike Hadrian as special when he first meets Arrian of Nicomedia?

3. What incident in "Disciplina Augusta, 233-251" leads Hermogenes to diagnose the emperor with heart disease?

4. Explain the result of Hadrian's ritual sacrifice on Mount Cassius outside Antioch.

5. When rumors begin to fly about the influence Lucius and Antinous must have over Hadrian, what reasons does he give that indicate these accusations are ridiculous?

6. According to Hadrian, what must Antinous have thought after the lightning episode on Mount Cassius?

7. Why, when Hadrian sets about finding a successor, does he say that the Roman tradition of adoption works best?

8. After Antinous' death, what conclusions does Hadrian draw as to why the young man committed suicide?

9. Why does Antinous refuse to have his palm read a few days after the sacrifice on Mount Cassius?

10. In "Disciplina Augusta, 233-251," what causes the initial problems between the Roman troops and the Jewish residents of Jerusalem?

Essay Topics

Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:

Essay Topic 1

Compare and contrast Hadrian's education with that of other Roman citizens during this period in history. Be sure to include supporting information from the text and outside research as necessary.

Essay Topic 2

Compare and contrast Hadrian's views on death before and after he contemplates suicide. What has he determined about the effect of his death? Be sure to include supporting information and quotes from the book.

Essay Topic 3

Analyze and discuss Iollas' decision to commit suicide himself rather than help Hadrian do so. Why does one action violate the Hippocratic oath while the other does not? Include supporting information from the text and outside research as necessary.

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