2. Who is not a character in third-person narration?
(a) The narrator.
(b) The antagonist.
(c) The protagonist.
(d) The family members.

3. What should a novel be according to Mikhail Bakhtin?
(a) Singular.
(b) Poetic.
(c) Short.
(d) Polyphonic.

4. What culture put literary works into only three groups?
(a) The Swiss.
(b) The Greeks.
(c) The Romans.
(d) The Americans.

5. According to Chapter 5, why is rhythm important to a poem?
(a) It creates mystery.
(b) It repels the reader.
(c) It confuses the reader.
(d) It draws in the reader.

6. According to Culler, what is rhetoric?
(a) The study of scholarly rules.
(b) The study of fictional essays.
(c) The study of poetry.
(d) The study of language technique.

7. Who defined rhetoric as "the art of persuasion"?
(a) Raphael.
(b) Aristotle.
(c) Socrates.
(d) Michelangelo.

8. Who was J.L. Austin?
(a) A Russian speaker.
(b) A French linguist.
(c) A British philosopher.
(d) An American linguist.

9. What era defined rhetoric as the study of structuring powers for discussion?
(a) The Elizabethean Age.
(b) The Renaissance.
(c) The Dark Ages.
(d) Modern Times.

10. When did J.L. Austin define the distinction between the various forms of utterance?
(a) The 1920s.
(b) The 1950s.
(c) The 1870s.
(d) The 1400s.

11. Culler reports that the use of a genre can do what for a reader?
(a) Limit reading ability.
(b) Create expectation.
(c) Inspire creativity.
(d) Falsify facts.

12. According to Culler, what is a classic ideal that appears in many novels?
(a) A moral lesson.
(b) Truth and justice.
(c) Understanding of oneself.
(d) True love.

13. Who is Mikhail Bakhtin?
(a) A Roman philospher.
(b) An American writer.
(c) A Russian theorist.
(d) A French theorist.

14. According to some theorists, what idea was created by literature?
(a) Acknowledging one's significance.
(b) Creating a family unit.
(c) Living by one's conscience.
(d) Being in love.

15. Who was against the ideas that performative language could be humorous?
(a) Steinam.
(b) Aristotle.
(c) Derrida.
(d) Hemingway.