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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. According to Ferdinand de Saussure, the elements of language become unique based on their _________.
(a) Popularity among speakers.
(b) Similarity to other elements.
(c) Contrast against other elements.
(d) Function.

2. Readers often respond emotionally to a particular use of language due to _____________.
(a) Context of the words.
(b) Personal experience.
(c) Difficulty of text.
(d) Level of education.

3. Who believed language is made up of a system of differences?
(a) Ferdinand de Saussure.
(b) Jackson Shephardberg.
(c) Marlowe.
(d) Shakespeare.

4. In "The History of Sexuality," what was used as a blanket term to describe all aspects related to sexuality?
(a) Sex.
(b) Imagination.
(c) Procreation.
(d) Evolution.

5. What has literary theory tried to do for the classics?
(a) Save them.
(b) Make them into movies.
(c) Censor them.
(d) Insult them.

6. Some scholars fear that literature could inspire _____________.
(a) Rebellion.
(b) Individuality.
(c) All of these.
(d) Change.

7. Literature as an aesthetic object attempts to encourage the reader to explore a relationship between _____________.
(a) Desire and words.
(b) Content and form.
(c) Words and physical placement.
(d) Form and function.

8. What did Derrida discover in Rousseau's work?
(a) Mystical images.
(b) Many structures.
(c) Absolutes.
(d) Russian phrases.

9. Focault warned the masses to be wary of _________.
(a) Reading as a hobby.
(b) Words as gospel.
(c) Poets as prophets.
(d) Starving artists.

10. Words are formed due to the conventions of __________.
(a) Children.
(b) A pamphlet.
(c) Literary forms.
(d) A culture.

11. Culler reports that theory has the ability to undo which of the following?
(a) What is blasphemous.
(b) What is offensive.
(c) What is already known.
(d) What is incorrect.

12. In English literature, many lead characters were written in order to inspire ______________.
(a) Nostalgia.
(b) Sequels.
(c) Empathy.
(d) Aspiration.

13. What literary form do parts of Robert Burns' poetry imitate?
(a) Speeches.
(b) Shakespeare.
(c) Sermons.
(d) Folk songs.

14. According to Goethe, "life devoid of passion" is ___________.
(a) Typical.
(b) Meaningless.
(c) An honor.
(d) Difficult to achieve.

15. What nationality was Rousseau?
(a) African.
(b) British.
(c) French.
(d) Russian.

Short Answer Questions

1. According to Chapter 4, what is Hamlet about on a deeper level?

2. In Chapter 3, from what form of culture is pop culture developed?

3. What literary approach begins a work with no preconceived ideas in an effort to discover its meaning?

4. In Chapter 2, it is suggested that British literature worked to do what among the classes?

5. According to Culler, what do the authors of classical literature often hide within their words?

(see the answer keys)

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