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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. What was the first major monument to victims of the regime?
(a) A plaque on Lubyanka Square.
(b) A replica of a prison barracks.
(c) A stone from Solovki.
(d) A statue of Solzhenitsyn.

2. During the Gorbachev era, what did old women sell in city parks as a vaccine against Aids?
(a) Herbal sachets.
(b) Bottled medicines made mostly of alcohol.
(c) Copper bracelets.
(d) Magnets.

3. Who was a video healer who appeared on state television?
(a) Arbatov.
(b) Obolensky.
(c) Rasputin.
(d) Kashpirovsky.

4. When were tanks sent to Lithuania? .
(a) June 1991
(b) January 1991.
(c) December 1990.
(d) April 1991.

5. Who from the United States warned Foreign Minister Aleksandr Bessmertnykh of a military coup?
(a) Secretary of Defense, Richard Cheney.
(b) Attorney General,Richard L. Thornburgh.
(c) The President of the United States, George Bush.
(d) The Secretary of State, James Baker.

Short Answer Questions

1. Why did the workers strike at Novocherkassk in June 1962?

2. How many died in the camps of Kolyma between 1936 and 1953?

3. Which Russian author wrote about Sakhalin Island?

4. By the summer of 1990, how many people were quitting the Communist Party?

5. Who was known as the intellectual architect of perestroika?

Short Essay Questions

1. Why would the Sinegorsk mine on Sakhalin Island never be profitable in a normal economy?

2. Who was Edward Lee Howard?

3. How did one of Parkomenko's investigative reports cause a terrific scandal?

4. Why would it be difficult for the hard-liners to chart a new historical orthodoxy?

5. What were three omens that occurred in September 1990?

6. Why did Ilya Zaslavsky hobble to the podium at the Congress the day after Sakharov's death?

7. Describe Shcharansky's celebration of Hanukkah in Perm-35.

8. After watching the film "Wall Street" at the Moscow Higher Party School, how did Remnick know that Communist ideology was dead?

9. In 1991, why were the Kremlin hard-liners terrified of the strikes?

10. What was "The Charity Society"?

(see the answer keys)

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