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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. What were the two major exports from the Congo under Leopold's reign?
(a) Ivory and rubber.
(b) Gold and diamonds.
(c) Rubber and gold.
(d) Ivory and diamonds.

2. When was the Berlin Conference, where Africa was divided between the Europeans, held?
(a) 1886-87.
(b) 1885-86.
(c) 1887-88.
(d) 1884-85.

3. To prevent desertion from Force Publique, how far away were soldiers stationed from their homes?
(a) Several hundred miles.
(b) A few dozen miles.
(c) Tens of miles.
(d) A few miles.

4. When Williams left the Congo, where did he go?
(a) Syria.
(b) Egypt.
(c) Saudi Arabia.
(d) Israel.

5. Why did most European colonizers focus on Africa's coastal areas?
(a) The local people were friendlier.
(b) The coast was cheaper to colonize.
(c) They had more riches.
(d) They were immediately accessible.

6. What did one of Stanley's sick employees compare Stanley to a few weeks before dying?
(a) A lawyer.
(b) A boat captain.
(c) A slavedriver.
(d) A blacksmith.

7. What is the name of the fanatical madman in "Heart of Darkness"?
(a) Kallon.
(b) Kurtz.
(c) Kensington.
(d) Kelvin.

8. Whom did Williams abandon when he traveled to Belgium to learn more of the Congo?
(a) A wife and a mistress.
(b) A wife and children.
(c) A mother and wife.
(d) A father and his children.

9. Where did Joseph Conrad spend his youth?
(a) Africa.
(b) England.
(c) France.
(d) Spain.

10. Where did Leopold send Arthur Stevens?
(a) London.
(b) China.
(c) Russia.
(d) Paris.

11. How old was Leopold when he issued the royal decree that declared his colony the Congo Free State?
(a) 56.
(b) 48.
(c) 50.
(d) 53.

12. When Williams was in the Congo, what did he write?
(a) Newspaper articles.
(b) Books.
(c) Magazine articles.
(d) Letters.

13. Before being put on slave ships by the Portuguese, what religion were slaves baptized into?
(a) Anglican.
(b) Baptist.
(c) Presbyterian
(d) Catholic.

14. What kind of ivory did Stanley transport out of the Congo?
(a) Elephant tusks.
(b) Processed ivory.
(c) Ivory rocks.
(d) Balls of ivory.

15. In what country was Williams commissioned a lieutenant?
(a) Puerto Rico.
(b) Guatemala.
(c) Mexico.
(d) Peru.

Short Answer Questions

1. What job did Conrad have in 1980 on the Congo River?

2. At what age did Stanley get on board the ship to America?

3. What was the name of the workhouse Stanley was sent to as a child?

4. In what year did Stanley locate Livingstone?

5. At what age did Williams tour the Congo?

(see the answer keys)

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