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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. Who was President in America when Leopold began to have his colony recognized by the foreign powers?
(a) Polk.
(b) Arthur.
(c) Taylor.
(d) Ford.

2. What kinds of boats were used on the Congo River above the cataracts?
(a) Steamboats.
(b) Coal boats.
(c) Row boats.
(d) Sail boats.

3. How did Stanley view the local people in the Congo?
(a) Sophisticated.
(b) Available labor.
(c) Competent to rule themselves.
(d) Artists.

4. Modern schools traditionally interpret "Heart of Darkness" as being allegorical of what?
(a) Original sin.
(b) Marriage.
(c) The Bible.
(d) Human development.

5. When Williams was in the Congo, what did he write?
(a) Books.
(b) Newspaper articles.
(c) Letters.
(d) Magazine articles.

6. Why did most European colonizers focus on Africa's coastal areas?
(a) They had more riches.
(b) The local people were friendlier.
(c) The coast was cheaper to colonize.
(d) They were immediately accessible.

7. What year did King Leopold's control over the Congo begin?
(a) 1888.
(b) 1886.
(c) 1887.
(d) 1885.

8. When Williams left the Congo, where did he go?
(a) Syria.
(b) Israel.
(c) Saudi Arabia.
(d) Egypt.

9. What were the two major exports from the Congo under Leopold's reign?
(a) Gold and diamonds.
(b) Ivory and rubber.
(c) Rubber and gold.
(d) Ivory and diamonds.

10. When did Leopold II gain the throne of Belgium?
(a) 1835.
(b) 1865.
(c) 1855.
(d) 1845.

11. What honorary military rank did Williams receive?
(a) Lieutenant General.
(b) Lieutenant Colonel.
(c) Colonel.
(d) General.

12. When did Leopold issue the royal decree that declared his colony the Congo Free State?
(a) 1886.
(b) 1885.
(c) 1888.
(d) 1887.

13. What job did Conrad have in 1980 on the Congo River?
(a) Riverboat officer.
(b) Paddleboat officer.
(c) Portage officer.
(d) Cargo officer.

14. Where did Joseph Conrad spend his youth?
(a) Africa.
(b) Spain.
(c) France.
(d) England.

15. What year, after locating Livingstone, did Stanley return to Africa?
(a) 1877.
(b) 1876.
(c) 18743.
(d) 1875.

Short Answer Questions

1. How many white officers led each each garrison of Force Publique?

2. In what year did Stanley locate Livingstone?

3. When was the Berlin Conference, where Africa was divided between the Europeans, held?

4. What country did Leopold grant droit de preference to?

5. Who was the chancellor of Germany when Leopold wanted the foreign powers to recognize his colony?

(see the answer keys)

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