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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. Stanley is an adopted name for Henry. What was the occupation of the Stanley Henry met in America?
(a) Doctor.
(b) Businessman.
(c) Lawyer.
(d) Trader.

2. What honorary military rank did Williams receive?
(a) Lieutenant General.
(b) Lieutenant Colonel.
(c) General.
(d) Colonel.

3. What year, after locating Livingstone, did Stanley return to Africa?
(a) 1877.
(b) 1875.
(c) 1876.
(d) 18743.

4. Why did Conrad have to leave the Congo and return to England?
(a) He got sick.
(b) His time in the Congo ran out.
(c) He had a sick family.
(d) There was a bounty on his head.

5. When Stanley left Zanzibar, what did he traverse?
(a) The Great Divide.
(b) The Nile.
(c) The Congo River.
(d) The desert.

6. What kind of ivory did Stanley transport out of the Congo?
(a) Balls of ivory.
(b) Processed ivory.
(c) Elephant tusks.
(d) Ivory rocks.

7. What job did Conrad have in 1980 on the Congo River?
(a) Portage officer.
(b) Cargo officer.
(c) Paddleboat officer.
(d) Riverboat officer.

8. Leopold was described as pencil thin and possessing a large what?
(a) Chin.
(b) Nose.
(c) Beard.
(d) Head.

9. What jobs did George Washington Williams hold?
(a) Minister and publisher.
(b) Minister and historian.
(c) Minister and politician.
(d) Minister and doctor.

10. When did Leopold II gain the throne of Belgium?
(a) 1835.
(b) 1855.
(c) 1845.
(d) 1865.

11. What was one of the ways Leopold managed Stanley?
(a) Letters.
(b) Public praise.
(c) Threats.
(d) Land grants.

12. Where was Joseph Conrad born?
(a) Poland.
(b) Germany.
(c) Finland.
(d) Slovakia.

13. What were the two major exports from the Congo under Leopold's reign?
(a) Ivory and diamonds.
(b) Gold and diamonds.
(c) Ivory and rubber.
(d) Rubber and gold.

14. How did Stanley view the local people in the Congo?
(a) Sophisticated.
(b) Available labor.
(c) Competent to rule themselves.
(d) Artists.

15. How old was Leopold when he issued the royal decree that declared his colony the Congo Free State?
(a) 48.
(b) 50.
(c) 53.
(d) 56.

Short Answer Questions

1. What was the name Henry Morton Stanley was born with?

2. What kind of degree did Williams claim to have?

3. When did Leopold issue the royal decree that declared his colony the Congo Free State?

4. In what country was Williams commissioned a lieutenant?

5. When was the Berlin Conference, where Africa was divided between the Europeans, held?

(see the answer keys)

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