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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. Why did Conrad have to leave the Congo and return to England?
(a) He got sick.
(b) There was a bounty on his head.
(c) He had a sick family.
(d) His time in the Congo ran out.

2. By what year were most of the coastal areas of Africa claimed as colonies by various European powers?
(a) Early 1870s.
(b) Late 1860s.
(c) Late 1870s.
(d) Early 1860s.

3. Stanley's bizarre route took so long to traverse, that when he arrived to rescue Pasha, what happened?
(a) His assistance was no longer needed.
(b) He died shortly thereafter.
(c) He has used up all his supplies.
(d) He was unable to get back.

4. When Stanley left Zanzibar, what did he traverse?
(a) The Nile.
(b) The Congo River.
(c) The desert.
(d) The Great Divide.

5. How old was Leopold when he issued the royal decree that declared his colony the Congo Free State?
(a) 50.
(b) 56.
(c) 48.
(d) 53.

6. What year did King Leopold's control over the Congo begin?
(a) 1886.
(b) 1887.
(c) 1885.
(d) 1888.

7. How long was the road that Stanley built from the coast to the top of Congo River falls?
(a) 225 miles.
(b) 235 miles.
(c) 230 miles.
(d) 220 miles.

8. Where did Leopold send Gerson Bleichröd?
(a) Germany.
(b) Poland.
(c) Finland.
(d) Switzerland.

9. What war was George Washington Williams a veteran of?
(a) American Revolutionary War.
(b) The 100 Years War.
(c) War of 1812.
(d) American Civil War.

10. What country did Leopold's sister and her husband fail to rule?
(a) Chile.
(b) Argentina.
(c) Mexico.
(d) Brazil.

11. When did Leopold II gain the throne of Belgium?
(a) 1865.
(b) 1845.
(c) 1835.
(d) 1855.

12. How did Stanley get on board the ship to America?
(a) As a crew member.
(b) As a pilot.
(c) As a stow-away.
(d) As a passenger.

13. Where did Leopold get a loan from after exhausting his money?
(a) England.
(b) France.
(c) Belgium.
(d) America.

14. What language were the treaties with the African chiefs written in?
(a) African and European languages.
(b) European languages.
(c) African languages.
(d) English.

15. How did Queen Victoria feel about Leopold?
(a) He was very handsome.
(b) He was evil.
(c) He was too eccentric.
(d) He had too much power.

Short Answer Questions

1. What was the name of the Portuguese explorer who sailed along the west coast of Africa in the 1480s?

2. How many black soldiers were in each garrison of Force Publique?

3. How did many Europeans die in Congo?

4. Where did Joseph Conrad spend his youth?

5. When was Henry Morton Stanley born?

(see the answer keys)

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