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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. What can one assume if they consider the universe in its totality?
(a) The universe phenomena and noumena.
(b) The universe had a beginning in time and that it did not.
(c) The universe has contradictions.
(d) The universe has selves and it does not.

2. According to Hume, what can reason tell us about?
(a) One's experience.
(b) One's intelligence.
(c) One's faith.
(d) One's fears.

3. According to the ontological argument, why does God exist?
(a) Existence is a perfection.
(b) A creator of the world must exist.
(c) Existence warrants perfection.
(d) Perfection only exists in one entity.

4. When was "Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals" published?
(a) 1800.
(b) 1795.
(c) 1790.
(d) 1785.

5. Unlike Descartes, what was Kant unwilling to draw the conclusion that he was?
(a) A property.
(b) A self.
(c) A substance.
(d) A philosopher.

Short Answer Questions

1. When was "Critique of Practical Reason" published?

2. What is described as something which exists dependently upon a substance?

3. What statement sums up Descartes' certain piece of knowledge?

4. According to Kant, why was he reserved?

5. According to Kant, what does identity imply?

Short Essay Questions

1. What was Leibniz's argument about reason?

2. What distinctions did Kant set forth to classify truths?

3. How did Kant react to the arguments from Hume and Leibniz?

4. What does the following statement mean? Existence is not a predicate of perfection.

5. Describe Kant's view of religious arguments.

6. What are antinomies?

7. Describe Kant's categories of metaphysics.

8. What type of questions did Kant believe that "Critique of Pure Reason" answered?

9. Describe mistakes as they are described in the reading.

10. How did Kant and Descartes compare and contrast on theories relating to substance and property?

(see the answer keys)

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