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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. What question did Kant's subjective argument begin with?
(a) How can philosophers define existence?
(b) What are the self's prerequisites for existence?
(c) How can experience be defined?
(d) What are the prerequisites for experience?

2. What was described as being an object itself?
(a) Property.
(b) Phenomena.
(c) Noumena.
(d) Substance.

3. When was "Critique of Practical Reason" published?
(a) 1788.
(b) 1793.
(c) 1790.
(d) 1781.

4. According to Hume, what does all knowledge come through?
(a) Experience.
(b) Senses.
(c) Logic.
(d) Reason.

5. What is the problem with Descartes' certain knowledge?
(a) It assumes that humans think.
(b) It assumes that breathing warrants thinking.
(c) It assumes the existence of a self.
(d) It assumes that existence warrants thinking.

Short Answer Questions

1. According to Kant, what does identity imply?

2. What did Kant become after attending school?

3. Which of the following is true about the statement "Fido has brown spots"?

4. What statement sums up Descartes' certain piece of knowledge?

5. What did Kant's objective argument concern?

Short Essay Questions

1. What does the following statement mean? Existence is not a predicate of perfection.

2. Describe Kant's fundamental question of metaphysics.

3. What is objective knowledge?

4. Describe mistakes as they are described in the reading.

5. How did Kant and Descartes compare and contrast on theories relating to substance and property?

6. Describe Kant's career as a professor.

7. What did Hume argue about reason?

8. Describe "Critique of Practical Reason" and "Critique of Judgment".

9. What was Leibniz's argument about reason?

10. According to Hume, what is needed to believe or understand something?

(see the answer keys)

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