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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. Which of the following truths is considered to be more substantive?
(a) Analytic.
(b) Rational.
(c) Synthetic.
(d) Irrational.

2. Which of the following is an example of antinomy?
(a) The cat eats food. The cat drinks water.
(b) The cat is gray. Another cat is also gray.
(c) The cat is on the chair. The cat is not on the chair.
(d) The dog is brown. The dog has white spots.

3. What do all religious arguments collapse into, according to Kant?
(a) Arguments from design.
(b) Ontological arguments.
(c) Historical arguments.
(d) Cosmological arguments.

4. What does every mistake share?
(a) Attempting to use perspective.
(b) Attempting to use conditioned knowledge.
(c) Attempting to go beyond the boundaries of experience.
(d) Attempting to make the right decision.

5. What type of truth is one that is known before any experience?
(a) Analytic.
(b) Synthetic.
(c) A posteriori.
(d) A priori.

6. According to Kant's reply to religious arguments, what is not a predicate?
(a) Perfection.
(b) God.
(c) Existence.
(d) Self.

7. What did "Critique of Practical Reason" deal with?
(a) Ethics.
(b) Religion.
(c) Logic.
(d) Aesthetics.

8. What type of truth is "a square has four sides"?
(a) Synthetic.
(b) Irrational.
(c) Rational.
(d) Analytic.

9. What type of truth is "Fido has brown spots"?
(a) A priori.
(b) A posteriori.
(c) Analytic.
(d) Synthetic.

10. What did Leibniz argue could allow us to know almost everything about the world?
(a) Religion.
(b) Objectivity.
(c) Ethics.
(d) Reason.

11. Which of the following did Hume deny?
(a) The existence of the self.
(b) The existence of logic.
(c) The existence of the world.
(d) The existence of ethics.

12. According to the ontological argument, why does God exist?
(a) Existence is a perfection.
(b) Perfection only exists in one entity.
(c) A creator of the world must exist.
(d) Existence warrants perfection.

13. Whose theories greatly influenced Kant's metaphysical system?
(a) Aristotle.
(b) Descartes.
(c) Isaac Newton.
(d) Montesquieu.

14. What was Kant's fundamental question of metaphysics?
(a) How analytic a priori knowledge is possible.
(b) How synthetic a priori knowledge is possible.
(c) How the self can be conscious.
(d) How existence is possible.

15. What philosophical school did Leibniz belong to?
(a) Rationalists.
(b) Syntheticists.
(c) Extremists.
(d) Noumenalists.

Short Answer Questions

1. When did Kant die?

2. How old was Kant when "Critique of Pure Reason" was published?

3. According to Scruton, Kant was the first philosopher since whom to place a significant emphasis on aesthetics?

4. What was the occupation of Kant's father?

5. What type of perception does 'apperception' refer to?

(see the answer keys)

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