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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.

Short Answer Questions

1. Whose Apologia Pro Vita Sua is discussed in Chapter 11, "Life from the Inside"?

2. In Chapter 12, "Life from the Inside," Foster discusses primary and secondary sources. Which of the following would be a secondary source about World War Two?

3. In Chapter 13, "On the Stump," Foster alludes to Peyton Place because he is implying that Fire and Fury is essentially what?

4. In Chapter 9, "Living the News," what historical era does Foster tie New Journalism to?

5. In Chapter 15, "Reading Internet Sources," what does Foster say leads to better thinking?

Short Essay Questions

1. In Chapter 14, "The Universe of Ideas/Ideas of the Universe," what qualities does Foster say a genuine expert will have?

2. In Chapter 9, "Living the News," why does Foster say that Hunter S. Thomson's Fear and Loathing in Las Vegas is really a roman à clef?

3. In Chapter 15, "Reading Internet Sources," what does Foster propose as a solution to inaccuracies on the web?

4. In Chapter 12, "That Is So Last Year," what change in "fashion" does Foster say that the publishing of history has followed in the past decades?

5. In Chapter 10, "From the Inside Out," what characteristics does Foster say the thesis of a strong essay will have?

6. In Chapter 13, "On the Stump," what are the three categories that Foster says outsider exposés fall into, and why does he say that they are more reliable than insider's writings?

7. In Chapter 13, "On the Stump," what criticism does Foster level at Fox News?

8. In Chapter 9, "Living the News," what two main types of subjective nonfiction does Foster define, and what four categories does he break these main types into?

9. In Chapter 14, "The Universe of Ideas/Ideas of the Universe," what are the three types of science writing that Foster describes, and what are the differences among them?

10. Which of the three writers that Foster discusses in Chapter 13, "On the Stump," does Foster find to be least reliable, and which does he find to be most reliable? Why is this?

Essay Topics

Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:

Essay Topic 1

In Chapter 7, "It's All in How You Look at Things," Foster explains the history of the term "Fake News." Explain the evolution of this term, being sure to mention people who were important to its evolution and giving clear examples of media called "fake news" at each step of the process.

Essay Topic 2

Consider Foster's plea for critical thinking in Chapter 15, "Reading Internet Sources." He blames the presence of false information on the web on a lack of "gatekeepers" (248) and calls the lack of "quality control" on the web a "fatal flaw" (246). Think carefully about the following questions and then write an essay in which you give your opinions about media gatekeeping.

• Who has historically controlled media, and what has this control meant for those without a voice in traditional media?

• Have the masses of people historically been fully informed, critical thinkers?

• If there were "gatekeepers" ensuring the truth of everything published on the web, who would they be and how would this alter the function of the web in the average person's life?

Essay Topic 3

Write an essay in which you define and describe a form of writing found exclusively on the Web. Be sure to cover the "grammar" and purpose of the form in your description.

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