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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. In Chapter 7, "All in How You Look at Things," what does Foster cite as one of the main reasons that Americans have historically trusted the news media?
(a) The tendency of editors to insist on multiple sources.
(b) The strict editorial control of content.
(c) Journalists' willingness to admit mistakes.
(d) Journalists' willingness to admit bias.

2. In Chapter 7, "All in How You Look at Things," what does Foster say the term "Fake News" originally referred to?
(a) Online sources of maliciously false news.
(b) News that powerful politicians dislike.
(c) News the reader dislikes.
(d) Tabloid content.

3. In Chapter 7, "All in How You Look at Things," Foster makes what point about newspaper articles?
(a) They often use a cause and effect structure.
(b) Almost all of them incorporate at least some cause and effect structure.
(c) They are often deviate from strict chronology in order to make a point.
(d) Almost all of them are written in strict chronological order.

4. According to Chapter 8, "Bringing the News," at what level are most news stories written?
(a) The college sophomore level.
(b) The twelfth grade level.
(c) The ninth to eleventh grade levels.
(d) The fourth to sixth grade levels.

5. In Chapter 5, "It May Just Be Me, But..." what does Foster say about offering equal space and analysis to opposing arguments?
(a) It is confusing to the reader.
(b) This can destroy a story.
(c) This is part of fair and balanced reporting.
(d) It strikes the modern reader as dishonest.

Short Answer Questions

1. In Chapter 2, "The Ecology of the Nonfiction Biosphere," what does Foster call the rules governing different forms of nonfiction?

2. In Chapter 1, "The Structure of Nonfiction Information," what does Foster mean when he uses the word "dichotomy"?

3. In Chapter 5, "It May Just Be Me, But..." what does Foster say is true about quotes attributed to anonymous sources?

4. In Chapter 3, "The Power of the Prologue," what does Foster give as the basic meaning of "preface," "prologue," and "foreward"?

5. What definition of "lede" does Foster give In Chapter 2, "The Ecology of the Nonfiction Biosphere"?

Short Essay Questions

1. In Chapter 1, "The Structure of Nonfiction Information," why does Foster call the organization of The Boys in the Boat "kaleidoscopic" (14)?

2. In Chapter 5, "It May Just Be Me, But..." how does Foster suggest that a reader can examine the author's use of quotes to determine bias?

3. In Chapter 8, "Bringing the News," why does Foster say that All the President's Men is "meta-journalism"?

4. In Chapter 1, "The Structure of Nonfiction Information," what does Foster say is the purpose of his reader being asked to think like a writer, and what is one example of how this works?

5. In Chapter 6, "Source Code," what does Foster say about biographies and the length of time that has passed since the lives of their subjects?

6. In Chapter 1, "The Structure of Nonfiction Information," what does Foster say is similar about the terms "narrative strategy" and "structural design," and what does he say is the difference?

7. On page 33 of "Building Blocks of Arguments," Foster compares claims and grounds to two people standing next to one another at a dance and says warrants are what "pins" them together so that they can "go steady." Explain his meaning.

8. In Chapter 6, "Source Code," what does Foster say that "expertise" is and is not?

9. At the end of "Building Blocks of Arguments," Foster discusses mistakes in claims, grounds, and warrants. He gives the example of someone born in American Samoa claiming to be a U.S. citizen. Since American Samoa is not a territory that the U.S. recognizes as conferring birthright citizenship, Foster says that this argument is mistaken in its grounds. Is it? Explain why or why not.

10. In Chapter 6, "Source Code," what relationship does Foster point out between reportorial presence and time?

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