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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. Who must decide where, when, and how to deal with Luther?
(a) the Princes of Germany
(b) Charles, the Roman Emperor and Catholic King of Spain
(c) Pope Leo X
(d) the College of Cardinals

2. What frightens Erasmus?
(a) the Church courts
(b) Martin Luther
(c) the threat of division and war implied in the Reformation
(d) the mood of the people

3. How can many of Luther's supporters be classified?
(a) as afraid for their lives
(b) as weak and insignificant
(c) as powerful and vocal
(d) as the lunatic fringe

4. How does Luther differ with the Catholic Church on the Eucharist?
(a) He does not believe it is necessary in worship.
(b) He does not believe it slhould be limited to bread and wine.
(c) He does not believe that the bread and wine transform into the body and blood of God.
(d) He believes it should only be taken on Saturday.

5. To whom are the ninety-five theses given?
(a) to the archbishop
(b) to the Pope
(c) to the rubbish collectors
(d) to the printer for all Germany

6. What does Luther contend makes a sacrament useless?
(a) a lack of opportunity
(b) a lack of faith
(c) a lack of understanding
(d) a lack of love

7. Under what condition does Luther refuse to come to an examination by the Diet?
(a) if there is no guarantee against assassination
(b) if the Pope does not agree to the examination
(c) if he cannot bring along his lawyers
(d) if the only purpose is for him to recant

8. What is the commonly accepted belief about gaining the hereafter in Luther's Germany?
(a) higher education as an excellent way to heaven
(b) monasticism as an excellent way to heaven
(c) self-study as an excellent way to heaven
(d) self-denial as an excellent way to heaven

9. When is the Papal bull "Cum Postquam" issued?
(a) December 1518, post dated 1517
(b) January 1, 1519
(c) November 9, 1518
(d) October 31, 1518

10. What is Luther's family's social status?
(a) peasants
(b) middle class
(c) aristocrats
(d) courtiers

11. How does Luther react to the canonists who burn his books?
(a) by ordering more copies of his books printed
(b) by preaching more sermons against the Chruch
(c) by burning their books since they are burning his
(d) by writing more books

12. What does Luther say about his first year of monastic life?
(a) The food was not enough.
(b) The Devil is very quiet.
(c) The cold was very difficult.
(d) The work was easy.

13. Which of Luther's family members greatly opposed his joining the monastery?
(a) his younger brother
(b) his wealthy uncle
(c) his mother, Margaretta
(d) his father, Hans

14. What is it that Luther seeks in the monastery?
(a) choir lessons
(b) strict discipline
(c) good libraries
(d) monetary suppert

15. What do both Humanism and the Reformation do but for different reasons?
(a) attack indulgences
(b) keep peace among the people
(c) make peace with the Pope
(d) accept the Papal position

Short Answer Questions

1. Besides himself, what does Luther begin to question?

2. What are the criteria Luther upholds for identifying a true sacrament?

3. What does Luther vow to do?

4. From what is it that Luther insists no man can separate another?

5. When are Luther's primary works delivered to the printer?

(see the answer keys)

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