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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.

Short Answer Questions

1. What class, in America, will eventually gain the upper hand in their struggles?

2. De Tocqueville believes that people must exercise their political freedom by what?

3. According to de Tocqueville, comfort and other earthly pleasures are easily satisfied with what?

4. Compared to aristocratic countries, there is a tendency to do what to workers' wages in democratic countries?

5. Political associations bring together whom?

Short Essay Questions

1. How do the citizens of America see their equality when it comes to work collectively, according to de Tocqueville's observations?

2. In a real world, do democracies value equality or liberty more?

3. What is one of the civil effects of the American society?

4. Why are democratic societies less likely to wage war?

5. What is at least one thing that led America to develop industry instead of agriculture?

6. According to de Tocqueville, what do citizens of the United States think would replace democracy if democracy failed in America?

7. What two concepts, though linked, should not be confounded?

8. When the people feel more equal, what are some other side effects?

9. Why does the military, even in a democratic society, tend to seek war?

10. What is the major difference between the classic aristocrat and the new aristocrat in America according to de Tocqueville?

Essay Topics

Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:

Essay Topic 1

Using examples from the book, what is the main role of an independent judiciary in a democracy? What is the main role of the judiciary in America? Are the two similar or different? Use the book to provide support for your answer.

Essay Topic 2

What is liberty? What is equality? How are the two ideas interlinked, and what does that mean for democracy? Please support your answer using examples from the book.

Essay Topic 3

Compare and contrast the following ideas as de Tocqueville uses them in his explanation and exploration of democracy:

i. servitude and individuality

ii. despotism and tyranny

iii. oppression and freedom.

(see the answer keys)

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