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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. The tendency of people to implement equality first in the hope that freedom will follow is a what?
(a) Political ideology.
(b) Political ideal.
(c) Political truism.
(d) Political reflex.

2. What does de Tocqueville believe plays an important role in the process of protecting the freedom of men by increasing their interdependence?
(a) Education.
(b) Freedom.
(c) Society.
(d) Religion.

3. Democracy tightens social ties as it loosens what?
(a) Moral bonds.
(b) Religious bonds.
(c) Familial bonds.
(d) Social bonds.

4. What requires years of hard and dedicated work before yielding a profit?
(a) Scholarly works.
(b) Agriculture.
(c) Investment.
(d) Writing.

5. According to de Tocqueville, when men seek more equality and comfort, what do they tend to become?
(a) More alike.
(b) More tyrannical.
(c) More despotic.
(d) More different.

6. Governmental power in America is highly ______________.
(a) Decentralized.
(b) Equal.
(c) Balanced.
(d) Centralized.

7. Associations participate in doing what for the public?
(a) Providing an outlet for issues.
(b) Providing organization on issues.
(c) Providing advice on issues.
(d) Providing education on issues.

8. Repetitive tasks give workers an inability to change what?
(a) The conditions in which they work.
(b) Their skills.
(c) The economic situations of their families.
(d) Their jobs.

9. Equality of conditions means there are no a priori what in America?
(a) Ideas.
(b) Points of view.
(c) Influences.
(d) Prejudices.

10. In America, what did people have before they had equality of conditions?
(a) Right of association.
(b) Liberty.
(c) Freedom.
(d) Freedom of association.

11. Democracy counters individualism by insuring that common good is understood as what?
(a) Profiting everyone who depends on each other.
(b) Profiting everyone in the community.
(c) Profiting everyone who participates in the process.
(d) Profiting everyone who behaves as if he or she is free.

12. De Tocqueville believes wars will become rarer as _______ expands.
(a) Liberty.
(b) Democracy.
(c) Trade.
(d) Equality.

13. The development of industry has led to an increase in what?
(a) Working poor.
(b) Repetitive tasks.
(c) Working mothers.
(d) Division of labor.

14. The very poor and very rich are in what group in America?
(a) The minority.
(b) The majority.
(c) The industrious.
(d) The farmers.

15. Democracies tend to value what over liberty?
(a) Political association.
(b) Freedom.
(c) Equality.
(d) Rights.

Short Answer Questions

1. The institutions of the United States tend to bring together what type of people?

2. What does de Tocqeville say is linked to--but not the same as--liberty?

3. Under aristocratic regimes, privileges are set by what?

4. Political associations combat what?

5. According to de Tocqueville, total equality of people's condition would only be possible in a society where freedom is what?

(see the answer keys)

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