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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. What requires years of hard and dedicated work before yielding a profit?
(a) Agriculture.
(b) Investment.
(c) Writing.
(d) Scholarly works.

2. Democratic countries do not want revolution or ______, in de Tocqueville's beliefs?
(a) Peace.
(b) Colonization.
(c) War.
(d) Conquest.

3. In America, what did people have before they had equality of conditions?
(a) Liberty.
(b) Right of association.
(c) Freedom.
(d) Freedom of association.

4. According to de Tocqueville, comfort and other earthly pleasures are easily satisfied with what?
(a) Material objects.
(b) Freedom.
(c) Liberty.
(d) Wealth.

5. What type of government does de Tocqueville say is "lurking behind every corner" for most citizens of the United States, assuming democracy failed?
(a) Monarchy.
(b) Republic.
(c) Anarchy.
(d) Aristocracy.

6. Political associations bring together whom?
(a) The feelings and opinion of the voters.
(b) The political elite.
(c) The feelings and opinions of men.
(d) The electorate.

7. De Tocqueville believes that there is unlikely to be a ______________ in the United States.
(a) Great political revolution.
(b) Great moral revolution.
(c) Great social revolution.
(d) Great economic revolution.

8. The separation between the workmen and the owners has created a new aristocracy based on what?
(a) Money.
(b) Nobility.
(c) Family.
(d) Bloodlines.

9. What is one of the checks and balances on the executive branch to prevent it from becoming despotic?
(a) An independent education system.
(b) An independent moral system.
(c) An independent press.
(d) An independent judiciary.

10. Governmental power in America is highly ______________.
(a) Balanced.
(b) Decentralized.
(c) Centralized.
(d) Equal.

11. In de Tocqueville's beliefs, what is the surest and fastest way to destroy liberty?
(a) Increasing the size of the military.
(b) Absolute tyranny.
(c) War.
(d) A ruling despot.

12. Limiting the right of association would be what to a democratic society?
(a) Abusive.
(b) Beneficial.
(c) Detrimental.
(d) Desirable.

13. Decentralization of the governmental administration has multiplied what?
(a) Newspapers.
(b) Opinions.
(c) Journalists.
(d) Political associations.

14. De Tocqueville believes that people must exercise their political freedom by what?
(a) Depending on each other.
(b) Behaving as if they are free.
(c) Participating in the process.
(d) Doing what they want to do.

15. Despite the huge lands, what remained a minor enterprise when de Tocqueville was observing America?
(a) Agriculture.
(b) Rail.
(c) Shipping.
(d) Animal husbandry.

Short Answer Questions

1. American people get richer through peaceful trading and manufacturing instead of what?

2. In America, what type of rank cannot be distinguished immediately?

3. "A priori" means what?

4. The desire for immediate gratification led the people of America to what?

5. De Tocqueville observes that, while traveling outside their own country, Americans tend to travel with signs associated with _______________?

(see the answer keys)

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