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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. Civil associations are often born out of what?
(a) Multi-state political associations.
(b) State-level political associations.
(c) National political associations.
(d) Local political associations.

2. The small variations in manners between Americans and others are interpreted, by Americans, as an expression of what?
(a) Social superiority.
(b) Differences.
(c) Individuality.
(d) Moral superiority.

3. The tendency of people to implement equality first in the hope that freedom will follow is a what?
(a) Political ideal.
(b) Political reflex.
(c) Political truism.
(d) Political ideology.

4. In America, all siblings are what?
(a) Treated differently.
(b) Equal.
(c) Given the same rank.
(d) Treated differently depending on birth order.

5. According to De Tocqueville, all Americans seek it, but do not necessarily seek it exclusively. What is it?
(a) Wealth.
(b) Comfort.
(c) Association.
(d) Material well-being.

Short Answer Questions

1. Democracies tend to value what over liberty?

2. The army of a democratic country is equated, by deTocqueville, to what?

3. What is the main difference between a democratic tyranny and a monarchical tyranny?

4. According to de Tocqueville, what drives the actions of every American man?

5. According to de Tocqueville, Americans seek ______________, but only within a narrow range.

Short Essay Questions

1. According to de Tocqueville, in a democratic society, what seems like endless variations of the same and monotonous reality?

2. What is one of the problems of equality of conditions?

3. When the people feel more equal, what are some other side effects?

4. Why are democratic societies less likely to wage war?

5. How do the citizens of America see their equality when it comes to work collectively, according to de Tocqueville's observations?

6. According to de Tocqueville, what political instinct have the American people developed that will counter their natural tendency towards equality?

7. What protects a democratic society from the great excesses that plague aristocratic societies, according to de Tocqueville?

8. Why does the military, even in a democratic society, tend to seek war?

9. In de Tocqueville's beliefs, how does too much emphasis on equality lead to tyrannical power?

10. What is at least one difference between the family in a democratic society and in an aristocratic society?

(see the answer keys)

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