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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. In America, what did people have before they had equality of conditions?
(a) Freedom.
(b) Liberty.
(c) Freedom of association.
(d) Right of association.

2. The relationship of the American aristocrat and workman is likened to a traditional aristocrat and what, according to de Tocqueville?
(a) Knights.
(b) Peasants.
(c) Servants.
(d) Slaves.

3. In what country is every aspect of society in constant movement?
(a) England.
(b) France.
(c) America.
(d) Europe.

4. In America, citizens have a right to what kind of associations?
(a) Political.
(b) Unlimited.
(c) Free.
(d) Restricted.

5. What produces goods and profits rapidly?
(a) Investment.
(b) Agriculture.
(c) Industry.
(d) Marketing.

Short Answer Questions

1. The small variations in manners between Americans and others are interpreted, by Americans, as an expression of what?

2. When compared to women in a traditional aristocratic regime, de Tocqueville says American women are more _________.

3. According to de Tocqueville, total equality of people's condition would only be possible in a society where freedom is what?

4. Democracy influences the citizens' political views and what other types of views?

5. De Tocqueville believes that people must exercise their political freedom by what?

Short Essay Questions

1. What normally causes a great social revolution?

2. What is at least one difference between the family in a democratic society and in an aristocratic society?

3. What is the only great inequality that de Tocqueville sees in American society?

4. What do rising wages for workers mean?

5. What is one of the problems of equality of conditions?

6. According to de Tocqueville, what political instinct have the American people developed that will counter their natural tendency towards equality?

7. In what situation would total equality of the people's condition be possible?

8. How is the division of labor in the industries in the United States divided?

9. In de Tocqueville's observations, how do Americans act when they meet with strangers outside their borders?

10. Why are democratic societies less likely to wage war?

(see the answer keys)

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