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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.

Short Answer Questions

1. In the following statement found in the chapter "New Historicism and Cultural Materialism," what does the word "panoptic" mean: "Michel Foucault's pervasive image of the state is that of 'panoptic'"?

2. Which of the following realism terms best illustrates the straight realism which was imposed in the 1930s?

3. Who argued in 1905 that literature must become an instrument of the party and that "literature must become Party literature"?

4. According to Marxist literary criticism, what term is best defined as an outlook, values, tacit assumptions, half-realized allegiances, etc. and having a major bearing on what is written by a member of a social class?

5. What was the name of the American journal that was considered the "house magazine" of the new historicism?

Short Essay Questions

1. What does ecocriticism study? What is another term for ecocriticism?

2. What is the aim of Marxism, according to the narrator?

3. Is stylistics confined to just the analysis of literature? Explain.

4. Briefly explain new historicism as it is described by the author.

5. What were some of the influences on early Marxist thinking?

6. Discuss the three elements Aristotle identified in a plot. What key point does Barry suggest about timing as it relates to plot?

7. Who was Karl Marx?

8. What is the purpose of lesbian/gay criticism according to the "Lesbian and Gay Studies Reader"?

9. According to the narrator, what is one significant effect of post-colonial criticism?

10. How does stylistics differ from standard close reading?

Essay Topics

Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:

Essay Topic 1

Discuss how women are represented by both men and women in a piece of literature that you have read in the past. Explain how this representation of women would be viewed by feminist critics.

Essay Topic 2

Describe the "landmarks" in postmodernism as discussed by Peter Barry.

Essay Topic 3

Explain Edgar Allan Poe's impact on structuralism. Be sure to cite Poe's literary works and discuss how they fit into the structuralist theory.

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