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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. ________ was probably the most influential figure in twentieth-century British criticism according to author Peter Barry.
(a) F.R. Leavis.
(b) Edward Jablonski.
(c) Patrick Tilley.
(d) Douglas Adams.

2. Which of the following works of T.S. Eliot was a collage of juxtaposed, incomplete stories, or fragments of stories according to the chapter titled "Postmodernism"?
(a) Prufrock and Other Observations.
(b) The Use of Poetry and the Use of Criticism.
(c) Essays Ancient and Modern.
(d) The Waste Land.

3. What example did Saussure use to explain what he meant by saying that there are no intrinsic, fixed meanings in language?
(a) 1984.
(b) 8.25 Geneva to Paris.
(c) Ulysses.
(d) Animal Farm.

4. Lacan argues that the two "dream work" mechanisms identified by Freud correspond to the basic poles of language, identified by the linguist Roman Jakobson, to ________ and ________.
(a) Intention / intentionality.
(b) Langue/parole.
(c) Paradigm / paradigmatic.
(d) Metaphor / metonymy.

5. According to the narrator in the chapter titled "Feminist Criticism, the "Anglo-American" tradition appeared when?
(a) Late 1970s.
(b) Early 1960s.
(c) Mid 1980s.
(d) Early 1990s.

6. Whom does author Peter Barry say was a French psychoanalyst whose work had an extraordinary influence upon many aspects of recent literary theory and who began his career by taking a medical degree and then training in psychiatry in the 1920s?
(a) John Maynard Keynes.
(b) Euripides.
(c) Marcus Tullius Cicero.
(d) Jacques Lacan.

7. David Lodge, Professor of English at Birmingham, combined the ideas of structuralism with more traditional approaches in which one of his books?
(a) Beyond Structuralism.
(b) Transforming Structuralism.
(c) Working with Structuralism.
(d) Beginning Structuralism.

8. The narrator reveals that the modern period began with the ________.
(a) Mythology.
(b) Innocence.
(c) Reason.
(d) Enlightenment.

9. The narrator explains in the Introduction that the emphasis on practice means that this is what form of book?
(a) Work book.
(b) Missal.
(c) E-book.
(d) Manuscript.

10. Whom does Peter Barry credit with the suggestion that language used is gendered, so that when a woman turns to novel writing she finds that there is "no common sentence ready for her use"?
(a) Willa Cather.
(b) Margaret Atwood.
(c) Virginia Woolf.
(d) Evelyn Waugh.

11. Who presented I.A. Richard with the manuscript of the book which was published in 1930 with the title Seven Types of Ambiguity?
(a) William Empson.
(b) Kurt Vonnegut.
(c) Wilfred Owen.
(d) George Zebrowski.

12. The narrator states that the study of English literature was seen as a kind of substitute for ________.
(a) History.
(b) Science.
(c) Social studies.
(d) Religion.

13. According to Plato, "a state of language anterior to the Word" is called ________.
(a) Chora.
(b) Semiotic.
(c) Surrealism.
(d) Organic form.

14. All of the following authors were considered some of the literary "high priests" of the modernist movement according to the narrator in the chapter titled "Postmodernism," except for which one?
(a) Virginia Woolf.
(b) T.S. Eliot.
(c) John Milton.
(d) Gertrude Stein.

15. Barry states in the chapter titled "Feminist Criticism" that the British "socialist feminist" tradition produced its key works in the ________.
(a) Late 1950s.
(b) Late 1990s.
(c) Mid 1980s.
(d) Early 1970s.

Short Answer Questions

1. ________ is defined as the meanings of words according to Saussure.

2. Wordsworth, Coleridge, Keats, and Shelley are authors of what form of writing, according to the chapter titled Theory Before Theory--Liberal Humanism?

3. The narrator suggests that liberal humanists believe in ________ as something fixed and constant which great literature expresses.

4. The narrator explains that post-structuralism emerged in France in the late ________.

5. What is the name given to the movement that dominates the arts and culture of the first half of the twentieth century?

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