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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. What did the Doctrine of Discovery state?
(a) Canada was open to American expansion.
(b) The Americas were open to the Spanish conquest.
(c) The Philippines were open to American expansion.
(d) Africa was open to the Spanish conquest.

2. What was the primary crop in Native American agriculture?
(a) Millet.
(b) Potatoes.
(c) Corn.
(d) Wheat.

3. According to the Dunbar-Ortiz, which population was the first to be forcibly organized and exploited by European aristocracy?
(a) Native Caribbean.
(b) Western Africans.
(c) Southeast Asians.
(d) European peasantry.

4. Dunbar-Ortiz describes settler colonialism as a certain type of political policy. What adjective does she use to describe this policy?
(a) Imperial.
(b) Abnormal.
(c) Consequential.
(d) Genocidal.

5. In U.S. settler colonialism, what was the primary commodity?
(a) Gold.
(b) Land.
(c) Tobacco.
(d) Horses.

Short Answer Questions

1. How does corn differ from most grains?

2. How many Ulster-Scots emigrated to North America during 1717-1775?

3. What term does Dunbar-Ortiz use for the specific type of colonialism used to form the United States?

4. Where did Europeans in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries learn techniques used for long-distance sea travel?

5. What term refers to the the use of economic and political pressures to control foreign countries?

Short Essay Questions

1. Chapter 3 is titled "The Cult of the Covenant." What "covenant" does Dunbar-Ortiz refer to?

2. According to Dunbar-Ortiz, what was the economic impact of the Crusades?

3. According to Dunbar-Ortiz, the English popularized a theory that only they were made in God's image. What origins did they ascribe to other races?

4. Why did settlers try to recruit Native people as rangers?

5. During the Colonial era, many colonialist nations claimed that Native Americans were not "using" their land. What counterargument does Dunbar-Ortiz offer?

6. How did the bounty on scalp-hunting threaten Native communities?

7. Under settler-colonialism, colonizers disrupted trade routes and triggered widespread food shortages. How did food shortages affect Native communities?

8. Native populations were often shocked by the European form of warfare. What aspects of the European style of warfare horrified Native communities?

9. According to Dunbar-Ortiz, what was the impact of the Northwest Ordinance?

10. How did Europeans use Christianity to support colonialism?

(see the answer keys)

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