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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.

Short Answer Questions

1. In the Prologue, what town did an Italian poet occupy with Italian mutineers?

2. When did Diderot write Supplement to the Voyage of Bougainville?

3. When did wars in Chechnya, Afghanistan, Africa, and South America occur?

4. When was the first televised beheading?

5. When did Johann Gottlieb insist on a planned and self-sufficient economy?

Short Essay Questions

1. At the end of the Prologue, what does the author believe is a measure of the global civil war taking place?

2. In the Prologue what are many themes of the global unrest that the author has seen?

3. In "Clearing a Space," what historical calamities undermined the idea of Western universalism?

4. In "Clearing a Space," what was the purpose of history and how did it become sanitized?

5. In the Prologue, who was Gabriele D'Annunzio, and what was he know for?

6. In "Loving Oneself Through Others," what was Montaigne's impression of moneymaking, and how did that idea change in the 18th century?

7. In the Prologue, what mystery did Emile Durkheim struggle with in his book from 1897?

8. In the Prologue, what was the ideological orthodoxy after the fall of the Berlin Wall in 1989?

9. In "Clearing a Space," what did Fukuyama and Zakaria have to say about Western civilization and world development?

10. In the Prologue, what was the attitude and thought about the world after the fall of the Berlin Wall in 1989?

Essay Topics

Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:

Essay Topic 1

Mishra believes that modernization in non-Western countries causes an identity crisis. What does Mishra say about an identity crisis arising from attempts to modernize in non-Western countries? What examples does he provide? What is exposed about identity crises and modernity?

Essay Topic 2

The role of religion changed before and after the Enlightenment. What was the role of religion before the Enlightenment? How did the role of religion change after the Enlightenment? What was the connection between the removal of religion from everyday life and the rise of nationalism and individualism?

Essay Topic 3

The word “philosophes” was a French word for philosopher. How did philosophes view themselves and their abilities? How did their role change in the time period before and after Voltaire? What was the role of the philosophe in society?

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