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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.
Short Answer Questions
1. When did D'Annunzio die?
2. According to the Prologue, how long before the word "jihad" entered the common language did German and Italian nationalists call for a "holy war" (11)?
3. When was The Futurist Manifesto produced?
4. When did Francis Fukuyama believe that modernity is a freight train that cannot be derailed?
5. When was the word "anti-Semitism" (20) first used?
Short Essay Questions
1. In the Prologue, what was the ideological orthodoxy after the fall of the Berlin Wall in 1989?
2. At the end of the Prologue, what does the author believe is a measure of the global civil war taking place?
3. In "Loving Oneself Through Others," in Le Mondain, what did Voltaire tell people to do?
4. In "Clearing a Space," what was the belief regarding historical inevitability in Europe in the 19th century?
5. In the Prologue, what was the attitude and thought about the world after the fall of the Berlin Wall in 1989?
6. In "Clearing a Space," what historical calamities undermined the idea of Western universalism?
7. In the Prologue during the first half of the 20th century, who embraced the theories of Social Darwinism?
8. In "Clearing a Space," what is modernity?
9. In "Loving Oneself Through Others," what did Adam Smith envision?
10. In "Loving Oneself Through Others," why did Rousseau become an outsider?
Essay Topics
Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:
Essay Topic 1
Global capitalism sets up expectations of what life will be like, especially for the downtrodden. What do people expect when capitalism is implemented? What mismatch is there between expectations and reality? Why are people disappointed at the results of capitalism? How does this create tendencies for violence? What is revealed about the results of global capitalism because of the mismatch between what people expect from life and the speed in which life changes?
Essay Topic 2
Mishra discusses the poem Le Mondain written by Voltaire. What was Le Mondain an ode to? What ideals about wealth were followed in the Middle Ages? How did Voltaire dismiss the Christian past? What did he promote instead? What changes did he propose in Western culture? In what way did Voltaire usher in a moral revolution through Le Mondain?
Essay Topic 3
Voltaire and Rousseau had differing viewpoints, especially regarding modernity. How would you describe the viewpoints of Voltaire and of Rousseau? How were their ideas about wealth and materialism different? What did their differences reveal about the meaning of modernity?
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This section contains 855 words (approx. 3 pages at 300 words per page) |
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