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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. In the chapter “The Original Position,” what does Rawls say must be assumed about the person?
(a) That they are wealthy.
(b) That they are tall.
(c) That they are a rational person.
(d) That they know the principles of philosophy.

2. Who was the father of Utilitarianism?
(a) Jesus Christ.
(b) David Hume.
(c) Karl Marx.
(d) Spinoza.

3. What is the Veil of Ignorance in Rawls' argument?
(a) A garment worn by politicians.
(b) A metaphor for a different type of belief.
(c) A metaphor to describe different types of citizens.
(d) A metaphor for not being able to tell what kind of society one will later be in.

4. Why does Utilitarian thinking not really understand the difference between persons?
(a) It perceives persons only as voters.
(b) Utilitarianism is never applied to the society.
(c) Utilitarianism is never applied to the individual.
(d) That different people’s situations mean different levels of happiness, contentment or suffering.

5. What is another name for the Original Position?
(a) The Waiting Room Argument.
(b) The First Argument.
(c) The Brain in the Vat Argument.
(d) The Man in the Barrel Argument.

Short Answer Questions

1. What does Rawls think a person would decide about their society if they had any choice?

2. What is the implicit assumption that the Social Contract theory makes?

3. Where did the early Intuitionists believe they got their appreciation of morals, rights and wrongs or fairness?

4. What do Intuitionist' believe in?

5. Who should hold the greatest advantage in Rawls’ ideal society?

Short Essay Questions

1. How do Intuitionists justify their innate knowledges?

2. Why does the Original Position especially look after those less fortunate?

3. What is the maxim of Utilitarian theory?

4. What is the problem of inclusion in the Social Contract Theory?

5. What does Rawls hope to do with this Theory of Justice?

6. How does Rawls seek to 'fix' or solve Intuitionism?

7. What is the implicit argument in Social Contract Theory?

8. Is fairness always the same as equality, according to Rawls?

9. What is the definition of the 'good' society in Rawls’ view?

10. Does Social Contract Theory have an opt-out policy?

(see the answer keys)

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