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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. What is the essential problem of Intuitionism?
(a) Many philosophers don't agree with it.
(b) It makes defending one’s country more difficult.
(c) Some people do not seem to act with a natural morality.
(d) It doesn't support a healthy economy.

2. Where did the early Intuitionists believe they got their appreciation of morals, rights and wrongs or fairness?
(a) Nature.
(b) Their parents.
(c) God.
(d) The king.

3. How does the ignorant chooser know what is fair and what is not, according to Rawls?
(a) Because of an innate knowledge of fairness.
(b) Because the monarch told them so.
(c) Because God told them so.
(d) Because they are taught what to believe.

4. Why did Hobbes see the necessity of the Social Contract?
(a) Because he thought it would help the British Empire.
(b) Because he thought that was the law of nature.
(c) Because he thought people were naturally brutish.
(d) Because he thought people were stupid.

5. What does Rawls accept about his own theory?
(a) That it is quite socialist.
(b) That it might be hard to apply to the real world.
(c) That there is a degree of Marxism within it.
(d) That there is a certain amount of Intuitionism present in 'fairness'.

6. What does the Individual gain out of the Social Contract?
(a) Protection and security.
(b) Power and glory.
(c) Money and wealth.
(d) Military might.

7. Who was the father of Utilitarianism?
(a) Jesus Christ.
(b) Karl Marx.
(c) David Hume.
(d) Spinoza.

8. What is another name for the Original Position?
(a) The First Argument.
(b) The Waiting Room Argument.
(c) The Brain in the Vat Argument.
(d) The Man in the Barrel Argument.

9. What is the implicit assumption that the Social Contract theory makes?
(a) That there is a scientific truth.
(b) That everyone intrinsically knows right from wrong.
(c) That there is a God.
(d) That there is some form of agreement between Individual and government.

10. Why is the argument called the Original Position?
(a) Because it was a very early argument that Rawls revived.
(b) Because it comes before everything else.
(c) Because it was the first argument Rawls thought of.
(d) Because it is about the first thing that a person sees when they wake up.

11. What is the maxim of Utilitarian philosophy?
(a) The greatest good for the greatest number.
(b) Might makes right.
(c) The greatest good to the deserving.
(d) The greatest good to the wealthiest.

12. What is John Stuart Mill's Theory of Higher Pleasures?
(a) The belief that one should spend the most money on the finest things in life.
(b) The belief that feelings are better pleasures than stability, wealth or objects.
(c) The belief that intellectualism, refinement and poetry are better pleasures that dancing, lust or wealth.
(d) The belief that going to church is the highest form of pleasure.

13. In the chapter “The Original Position,” what does Rawls say must be assumed about the person?
(a) That they are a rational person.
(b) That they are wealthy.
(c) That they know the principles of philosophy.
(d) That they are tall.

14. What is the first virtue of social institution, according to Rawls?
(a) Wealth.
(b) Strength.
(c) Justice.
(d) Militarism.

15. What do Intuitionist' believe in?
(a) That good and wrong are taught.
(b) That good and wrong are illusions told by the rich.
(c) That good and wrong are innately known.
(d) That good and wrong are revealed by God to the select few.

Short Answer Questions

1. In what era was the theory of the Social Contract in favor?

2. Who should hold the greatest advantage in Rawls’ ideal society?

3. What does Rawls claim about the Social Contract theory?

4. What branch of philosophy is this book concerned with?

5. What defines a good society, according to Rawls?

(see the answer keys)

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