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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. According to Einstein's theories, what is the nature of space?
(a) It curves.
(b) It is a flat plane.
(c) It has missing points.
(d) It is a straight line.

2. Sir Isaac Newton wrote "Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy," which explains his laws of what?
(a) Quantum physics.
(b) Motion and gravity.
(c) Electromagnetic interference.
(d) Attraction.

3. Our universe is at least how many light-years wide?
(a) 100 billion.
(b) 350 trillion.
(c) 50 million trillions.
(d) 5 trillion.

4. What campaign did geologist Clair Patterson take on?
(a) Removing lead additives from gasoline.
(b) Removing chlorine from swimming pools.
(c) Adding fluoride to drinking water.
(d) Fortifying milk with vitamin D.

5. In the 1960s, what did Bob Christiansen realize about Yellowstone National Park after observing NASA-supplied images?
(a) Most of the park was created by a massive earthquake.
(b) The park was carved by moving glaciers.
(c) Practically the whole park is a volcano.
(d) The park holds thousands of volcanoes.

Short Answer Questions

1. Using a depth sounder during World War II, Harry Hess discovered that ocean floors:

2. As of July 2001, approximately how many asteroids had been identified?

3. Astronomer Edmond Halley believed that the distance from the Earth to the sun could be deduced from the:

4. Which of the following is not a layer of Earth?

5. What did the French Compte de Buffon claim about the New World (the Americas) compared to the known Old World?

Short Essay Questions

1. What happened when Max Planck was advised to study math instead of physics?

2. How close did asteroids come to Earth in 1991 and 1993?

3. Explain Albert Einstein's theory of space curvature using a tennis ball and an ant.

4. Describe the protons, neutrons, and electrons of an atom.

5. Summarize what the author says about why it took so long to discover that Pluto has a moon.

6. What explanation did James Hutton come up with to describe the phenomenon of seashell fossils frequently found on mountaintops?

7. What did geologist Harry Hess discover about the Atlantic Ocean in the 1960s that validated the idea that the continents are drifting apart?

8. Describe what happens in a supernova.

9. Who was Bob Christiansen, and how did he determine that Yellowstone is a supervolcano?

10. Describe the three basic layers of Earth, namely, the crust, mantle, and core.

(see the answer keys)

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