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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.

Short Answer Questions

1. How many preachers was each town allowed?

2. Physicians often doubled as what profession?

3. What is the bulk of Martha's diary?

4. Which social and economic class had more out-of-wedlock births?

5. In what year does Martha start her diary?

Short Essay Questions

1. What did Martha charge for delivering a baby?

2. What were the circumstances surrounding the rape of Rebecca Foster?

3. What was the role of a midwife in society and Martha's role in particular?

4. How does Martha's diary show the male-dominated society in which she lived?

5. Explain how courtship and marriage during Martha's life were very different from popular perception of the time period.

6. During what years did Martha keep her diary?

7. In general, how was the business in the community divided between men and women?

8. How did people perceive Martha in the community?

9. Both Ephraim and Martha had businesses to manage. How were their approaches to business different?

10. What were the typical courting practices in late 18th century America?

Essay Topics

Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:

Essay Topic 1

Explain the role of the midwife in 18th century colonial America. What made Martha so successful in this role?

Essay Topic 2

Explain Martha's role in the male-dominated society. How is this dominance reflected in Martha's entries?

Essay Topic 3

Discuss the evolution of the relationship of doctors and midwives throughout Martha's lifetime. How did it change Martha's role as a midwife?

(see the answer keys)

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