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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.

Short Answer Questions

1. Martha used her diary to _________________.

2. Which of the following is not something Martha noted in her diary about each birth?

3. Martha's diary was once included in a book about the history of which city?

4. What term did Martha use for a woman in labor?

5. What is the bulk of Martha's diary?

Short Essay Questions

1. Explain the community's position on premarital sex and how Martha's own family was embroiled in a situation regarding premarital sex.

2. What was the outcome of the Rebecca Foster rape case?

3. Explain how Martha's weaving business allowed for the overlapping of male and female roles in the Ballard household.

4. What were the circumstances surrounding the rape of Rebecca Foster?

5. How much detail did Martha include in her diary about each birth?

6. During what years did Martha keep her diary?

7. How did Martha get started as a midwife in Hallowell?

8. How did Martha procure her medicines and what treatments did she advocate?

9. How many doctors and midwives were available in the Hallowell area at the time?

10. What was the opinion of Reverend Foster by the Calvinists in the town and whose was the principal voice among them?

Essay Topics

Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:

Essay Topic 1

Explain the role of the midwife in 18th century colonial America. What made Martha so successful in this role?

Essay Topic 2

Name and describe the two primary reasons Martha's diary is special. Compare it to similar famous diaries in history.

Essay Topic 3

Describe the evolution of Martha and Eprhraim's marriage. Was the relationship always good? What was their communication style? Was there mutual respect and support?

(see the answer keys)

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