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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. What is the function of a midwife?
(a) Teacher
(b) Weaver
(c) Housekeeping
(d) Deliver babies

2. In what town to Martha and Ephraim settle?
(a) Hightower
(b) Houston
(c) Hingham
(d) Hallowell

3. What marked the end of the "lying-in" period for a new mother?
(a) When one month had passed
(b) When the baby was considered healthy
(c) When the relatives went home
(d) When she could make her own bed

4. What was the death rate in Martha's town between the years of 1785 and 1790?
(a) 10 per 1500
(b) 15 per 1000
(c) 50 per 1000
(d) 150 per 1000

5. How many young women did Martha employ in her home between the years of 1785-1800?
(a) 39
(b) 27
(c) 29
(d) 30

Short Answer Questions

1. What major problem does Martha have with living in the new house?

2. Martha began to keep a diary because ___________________________.

3. What was the birth to death ratio in Martha's town between the years of 1785 and 1790?

4. What is Isaac Foster's wife's name?

5. Which of the following is not a product for which Martha used herbs?

Short Essay Questions

1. What details about each birth did Martha choose to exclude from her diary?

2. What was the role of a midwife in society and Martha's role in particular?

3. How did Martha get started as a midwife in Hallowell?

4. Which of Martha's relatives were married by 1792?

5. Who was Dr. Page and what is his relationship with Martha?

6. In addition to being a midwife, Martha also had a weaving business. How did that get started?

7. Explain how Martha's weaving business allowed for the overlapping of male and female roles in the Ballard household.

8. What is the occupation of Martha's husband, Ephraim?

9. How has Martha's diary been perceived by historians?

10. What were the typical courting practices in late 18th century America?

(see the answer keys)

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