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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.

Short Answer Questions

1. What type of operation is described in the beginning of Book 2, Chapter 5?

2. What city was the main focus of the massacre's intent?

3. What type of a massacre was committed?

4. How many mercenaries did Polydamas claim to have available to him?

5. What did Procles acknowledge in his speech?

Short Essay Questions

1. What was the result of the sacrifice made by the Spartans?

2. How could the information obtained from an oracle seem confusing?

3. What was the reason for the surprise massacre that Xenophon includes in his story?

4. What did Athens and Sparta do once they were united, and how is Archidamus's speech described?

5. What things does the adviser in Xenophon's story think that a woman should be in order for his friend to marry her?

6. Who was Dercylidas and how is he described?

7. In response to the objections, what was Procles' proposal that clarified the agreement between Athens and Sparta?

8. What message is Xenophon delivering with the story of Attica?

9. What happened in the city of Phocis and why did Sparta help?

10. What type of sacrifice does Xenophon describe that is made by the Spartans?

Essay Topics

Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:

Essay Topic 1

Continuing with his fascination of the virtues of military leaders, Xenophon presents the story of Polydamas.

1) Describe Polydamas's leadership style, including how he tests his men, and the actions taken as a result of those tests.

2) Explain how Polydamas's men are rewarded for their skills, and the value of honor and loyalty in the military.

3) Analyze the opinions of Jason, pertaining to the King of Persia, and how they compare to Xenophon's opinion of Persia in general.

Essay Topic 2

Two events are chronicled by Xenophon to show the effects that the decisions made by leaders can have.

1) Describe the raid on Attica by Teleutias, why it takes place, the response it receives, and how it relates to Xenophon's main theme of leaders and their decisions.

2) Analyze the events that take place before, during, and after Antalcidas delivers the treaty for peace.

Essay Topic 3

Describe the conversation about marriage that Xenophon documents in his story. Use the advice given in the discussion to explain how marriage is viewed in ancient Greece, which things are considered to be the most important in selecting a spouse, and whether or not their priorities are an indication of their culture or society.

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