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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. Galileo belied that the earth did what?
(a) Orbited the sun.
(b) Was the center of the universe.
(c) Held still while everything rotated around it.
(d) Was the center of the solar system.

2. Black holes are speculated to be clumped together due to what?
(a) Movement.
(b) Expansion of the universe.
(c) Gravity.
(d) Collapse of the universe.

3. Einstein signed a letter to what President urging him to take discovery of the nuclear bomb seriously?
(a) Lyndon B. Johnson.
(b) Franklin Roosevelt.
(c) Herbert Hoover.
(d) John F. Kennedy.

4. A possible solution to combining general relativity and the uncertainty principle is what?
(a) Supergravity.
(b) Cancelation of infinities.
(c) Creating a new particle.
(d) Elimination of the cosmological constant.

5. What theory says that the universe has always existed and always will?
(a) Grand unified theory.
(b) Quantum mechanics.
(c) Theory of everything.
(d) Particle physics.

Short Answer Questions

1. If you use Hawking's model of the universe, how did the universe start?

2. What is one thing particles do when they enter a black hole?

3. There are at least how many different arrows of time?

4. Einstein proposed who should have control over nuclear weaponry?

5. What type of matter might account for gravitational forces that cannot be explained by the mass of our universe?

Short Essay Questions

1. When and why did Einstein become a pacifist?

2. What are the three possibilities Hawking sees for the unification of physics theory?

3. What does the psychological arrow of time represent?

4. Hawking considers Galileo to be what?

5. Hawking says that when the universe loses all order, what will happen with life?

6. What does a weak form of the anthropic principle hold for the view of the universe?

7. What might have happened to the black holes left over from the early period of the Big Bang?

8. Addressing the question of why the universe exists was once the job of philosophers, but now is not done because of what reason?

9. The Catholic Church allowed Galileo to write a book, but said that it must do what?

10. When did the early ideas that the universe is deterministic fall apart?

(see the answer keys)

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