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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. What is the name for the limit that states the smallest mass a star can have in order for it to produce a black hole?
(a) Rustinmaliyan limit.
(b) Subrahmanyan limit.
(c) Torontareian limit.
(d) Chandrasekhar limit.

2. What is one of the varieties of quarks?
(a) Random.
(b) Quirky.
(c) Odd.
(d) Strange.

3. Galaxies contain what?
(a) The earth.
(b) The universe.
(c) Stars.
(d) Other galaxies.

4. What type of theories try to bring the various virtual particles together as one entity, but do not include gravity?
(a) Grand Unification Theories.
(b) Grand Complete Theories.
(c) Theories of Everything.
(d) Theories of Unification Principles.

5. Who created the idea that a star can collapse and become a black hole?
(a) Arno Penzias.
(b) Alexander Friedmann.
(c) Robert Wilson.
(d) Roger Penrose.

Short Answer Questions

1. Edwin Hubble's observation that the universe is expanding supports what theory?

2. Who brought forth the idea that the earth and planets revolve around the sun?

3. Aristotle thought that the Earth was what?

4. Hawking is what type of physicist?

5. What is one of the categories of force-carrying virtual protons?

Short Essay Questions

1. What stops quantum mechanics from explaining everything in the universe?

2. Why do physicists of Stephen Hawking's caliber not make assumptions about the nature of the universe?

3. What will happen if the expansion of the universe stops?

4. Due to the influences of mass and energy, light does what?

5. What are quanta?

6. What model of the atom persisted until the 1960's?

7. When looking at the sky on a clear night what do you see and how far away is it?

8. Why can nothing move faster than the speed of light according to the theory of relativity?

9. What determines whether a star can become a black hole?

10. What is one way that scientists determine that subatomic particles exist?

(see the answer keys)

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