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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. What do geographers mean when they use the abbreviation "B.P."?
(a) Before the Past Era.
(b) Before the Postglacial Optimum.
(c) Before the Pleistocene.
(d) Before the Present.

2. Which of the following European countries did NOT colonize Africa?
(a) Belgium.
(b) Germany.
(c) Poland.
(d) France.

3. What continent will decline in population by 2050, according to the United Nations?
(a) Africa.
(b) North America.
(c) Europe.
(d) Asia.

4. Which of the following countries does de Blij think will play an important role in the new world order?
(a) India.
(b) Great Britain.
(c) Somalia.
(d) France.

5. When does de Blij say that geography began to decline in the United States?
(a) When people began to watch television instead of reading books for entertainment.
(b) When professional educators decided to combine history, government, and geography into social studies.
(c) When political boundaries began to change so fast that it was hard to keep maps up-to-date.
(d) When Americans became less willing to travel after 9/11.

Short Answer Questions

1. How far south did North American glaciers reach during the last Ice Age?

2. When were the boundaries of nation-states in Africa drawn?

3. Why does de Blij feel that Americans are unprepared to evaluate global warming?

4. What caused the Younger Dryas?

5. How long has it been since Harvard University offered a geography class to its students?

Short Essay Questions

1. Why does de Blij say that people might produce maps that are misleading?

2. How did political maps change during the age of colonialism?

3. What kinds of unusual linkages does de Blij say that geographers make?

4. What might we learn about a country's leaders' intentions by studying its maps?

5. What caused the "year without a summer"?

6. What is the difference between a large scale map and a small scale map?

7. Compare and contrast the populations of Europe and of sub-Saharan Africa.

8. What kinds of tools do geographers need to know how to use?

9. What did Gilbert Grosvenor do to revitalize the practice of geography? Did it work?

10. How has the job market for geographers changed in recent years, according to de Blij?

(see the answer keys)

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