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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. By choosing the trial moment that he selects in his Introduction, what does the author do?
(a) Draws readers in, frames the rest of his work.
(b) Outlines subsequent chapters.
(c) Affords background of Darrow, Bryan.
(d) Provides an overview of evolutionary theory.

2. Darrow defends John Scopes for violating which laws, saying evolution cannot be taught in public schools?
(a) County.
(b) State.
(c) Federal.
(d) Municipal.

3. Academic freedom has always been a concern for the ACLU, as it relates to what?
(a) Freedom of research.
(b) Freedom of education.
(c) Freedom of religion.
(d) Freedom of speech.

4. Darrow is likely the most famous U.S. trial lawyer by the 1920s, defending many famous clients including what Socialist labor leader in the late 1890s?
(a) Eugene V. Debs.
(b) Charles Matchett.
(c) Simon Winn.
(d) Charles H. Corregan.

5. What else pushes evolution to the forefront of public debate in the early 1920s?
(a) Major changes in theological positions of Christian Science.
(b) Major changes in theological positions of Catholicism.
(c) World War I veterans enter postgraduate studies.
(d) New fossil discoveries.

Short Answer Questions

1. As it makes its way into the press, papers proclaim the Piltdown skull proves whose theory of evolution?

2. The National Civil Liberties Bureau was established when to defend protesters and conscientious objectors to World War I?

3. The 1920s see some evolution theories fitting within Christian views change as anti-evolutionists gain ground, primarily among whom?

4. What position does Bryan previously serve in, but later resign from?

5. Journalists covering the case note that what is lacking between the prosecution and defense?

Short Essay Questions

1. Why does the National Civil Liberties Bureau change its name to the American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU)?

2. What were concerns the ACLU had about Darrow?

3. In his introduction, how does the author describe the scene where Clarence Darrow questions William Jennings Bryan?

4. What does federalism grow out of?

5. What role does World War I play in the tensions between fundamentalists and modernists?

6. Why is it that the anti-evolution crusade revives in the 1920s?

7. What role does William Jennings Bryan play in the rise of the anti-evolutionary movement and events leading to the Scopes trial?

8. What is the position Darrow comes to help in defending?

9. How is it that, by the turn of the 20th century, writers and historians are keeping alive the idea of disagreement between religion and science?

10. What is the position that Bryan comes to aid in prosecuting?

(see the answer keys)

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