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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. What country did Trivimi Velliste, president of the Estonian Heritage Society, use as an example for the road to Independence?
(a) India.
(b) Pakistan.
(c) Poland.
(d) Germany.

2. During the Gorbachev era, what did old women sell in city parks as a vaccine against Aids?
(a) Copper bracelets.
(b) Magnets.
(c) Herbal sachets.
(d) Bottled medicines made mostly of alcohol.

3. What American movie was shown to students at the Moscow Higher Party School?
(a) Schindler's List.
(b) The Matrix.
(c) Wall Street.
(d) Forest Gump.

4. What did Orwell call a KGB type organization?
(a) The Ministry of Love.
(b) The Ministry of Propaganda.
(c) The Ministry of Truth.
(d) The Ministry of Public Control.

5. What book project got Volkogonov demoted to the Institute of Military History?
(a) A book about Khrushchev.
(b) A book about Stalin.
(c) A history of World War II.
(d) A history of the czars.

6. What Article of the Constitution did Sakharov want Gorbachev to appeal?
(a) Article 6.
(b) Article 1.
(c) Article 15.
(d) Article 12.

7. How was Russian Orthodox Priest Aleksandr Men murdered?
(a) With an axe.
(b) Pushed off a train.
(c) Shot in the back.
(d) Mugged, beaten, and left for dead.

8. Who was known as the intellectual architect of perestroika?
(a) Brezhnev.
(b) Novikov.
(c) Yakovlev.
(d) Gorbachev.

9. Which Russian author wrote about Sakhalin Island?
(a) Pushkin.
(b) Tolstoy.
(c) Solzhenitsyn.
(d) Chekhov.

10. What event in the Ukraine signaled the end of the old Soviet regime?
(a) Chernobyl.
(b) The release of Sakharov.
(c) Fall of the Berlin Wall.
(d) Metal workers went on strike.

11. Who was the first CIA operative ever to defect to the Soviet Union and the KGB?
(a) Andrew Holmes.
(b) Edward Howard.
(c) David Johnson.
(d) John Smythe.

12. What did Mikhail Leontyev, who studied economics at Plekhanov Institute, do to avoid working for the regime?
(a) Worked on a collective.
(b) Restored old Russian furniture.
(c) Became an auto mechanic.
(d) Wrote books.

13. How did the Baltic republics win their independence?
(a) Execution of Party leaders.
(b) Intervention from the West.
(c) Violence.
(d) Stubornness.

14. What major event in Soviet history was preserved the longest?
(a) The terror of the czars.
(b) Victory against Nazi Germany.
(c) The Bolshevik Revolution.
(d) The history of the collectives.

15. In 1991, what do the miners want?
(a) Soap.
(b) The end of the system.
(c) More food.
(d) Better working conditions.

Short Answer Questions

1. In 1989, with whose portrait did some older women replace their portraits of Lenin?

2. Where did Yelena Chukovskaya send an article appealing to the government to return Solzhenitsyn's citizenship?

3. Who came from Iowa to coach baseball?

4. Who started what was billed as the first independent newspaper in the Soviet Union?

5. How did some miners get to their work stations in Sinegorsk?

(see the answer keys)

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