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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.

Short Answer Questions

1. Who did the Brits warn about Hitler's plans?

2. How long did the bombing of Belgrade delay Hitler's invasion of Russia?

3. What was Roosevelt's coded name in his correspondence with Churchill?

4. What was Stevenson working on to aid in code breaking?

5. Why couldn't Stevenson force Roosevelt's hand to declare war?

Short Essay Questions

1. What efforts were being made in the field of intelligence and codes among countries that would eventually be at war?

2. What did Churchill appoint Stevenson to and out of where does he operate?

3. What did Stevenson learn from his network in Sweden?

4. Why did Ambassador Kennedy remain in London until Hitler began bombing the city?

5. How did Donovan become more involved with Stevenson's work?

6. How was intelligence work in England and the United States developing during the time just before the outbreak of WWII?

7. What began on July 10,1940, and how does Britain respond?

8. What was happening At Bletchley with the Enigma?

9. What was the problem with the sea lanes and what is done?

10. What did Stevenson write about concerning Germany and how does he have access to the German communication network?

Essay Topics

Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:

Essay Topic 1

In chapter 19, the narrator states that Ambassador Kennedy remained in London until Hitler began bombing London. The Roosevelt administration kept Kennedy in London as long as possible because they were afraid he would campaign against Roosevelt. Discuss the following:

1. Compare/contrast Franklin D. Roosevelt to Ambassador Joseph Kennedy. How are they alike? How are they different? Compare their political views. How do they differ as regards the war in Europe? On what do they agree about the war in Europe?

2. Do you think it is an ethical move to keep a potential candidate away in order to win an election? What about the in view of the fact that Joseph Kennedy is in a potentially dangerous situation?

3. Why do you think Roosevelt believed he was the best person for the job of President of the United States when the country is on the brink of war? (This may require a little research).

Essay Topic 2

The field of codes and ciphers played an important role in the war strategy of both the Allies and the Axis powers. Discuss the following:

1. Define and compare a code and a cipher.

2. Trace and analyze the theme of codes and ciphers throughout the book. Were they in use before WWII? When? How? How were codes and ciphers generated during WWII? How secure were codes and ciphers? Who had an edge on the other powers when it came to the use of codes and ciphers?

3. The Americans came up with a unique means of communicating securely by the use of "Navajo Code Talkers." Research and explain what that was about.

Essay Topic 3

Politics plays an integral and important role in much of Stevenson's work and in how the various factions side with either the Allies or Axis powers. Discuss the following:

1. Discuss three situations in the book where politics plays a critical role in the outcome of the situation. Who are the principle players? What are the issues involved? Were there any "dirty" politics involved?

2. Is there any way to keep politics and war separate? Would it be a good idea to do so? Why or why not.

3. Do you feel any differently to Roosevelt knowing he chose to keep a potential challenger unable to do so? Do you think Roosevelt had the best chance of guiding the United States through WWII?

(see the answer keys)

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