Calvin the Religious vs. Henry the Promiscuous (Henry VIII of England)

Germany had been hit hard by economic factors prior to the depression, but it was the depression that proved to be the last straw for Germany's people. The hyperinflation and the Great Depression gave Hitler the opportunity to manipulate the masses into believing his ideas were the only ways of bringing Germany back onto its feet again.

This is an essay about Voltaire's "Candide" and describes his struggles and the reflection in the characters of the book.

Cardinal Richelieu served as chief minister of the French monarchy from 1624 to 1642. Elements of Machiavellian theory apply to Richelieu, as he was an ambitious politician whose policies and tactics contributed greatly to the growth of the French state and the development of the French monarchy as an absolutist regime.

Catherine the Great's rule

Essay discusses Catherine the Great and the many things she accomplished during the Age of Enlightenment.

An overview of the coup launched by Catherine the Great of Russia against her husband Peter III. As Catherine's memoirs as well as those of other key members of the Russian military and royalty show, Catherine was not individually responsible for Peter's death.

Details of the Catholic Reformation

Examines the causes in the Rise of Italian Fascism (period between unification and Mussolini's power consolidation). Paints a broad historical picture of the reasons the Italian nation accepted without much ado the rise of an authoritarian regime.

Describes the Northern Ireland conflict known as Bloody Sunday. Provides possible reasons for the tragedy. Discusses the role of the IRA and the British government.

A short overview of the three estates of French society before the French Revolution and the impact of the third estate in the outbreak of the revolution.

This essay contains the three relatively main causes of the Cold War including: nuclear arms race, trouble in Germany, and basic differences between communist rule, and capitalist rule.

The collapse of the Russian monarchy in the early 20th century was inevitable because of a variety of factors. These included the huge number of disparate nationalities of the Russian Empire, widespread poverty, the tsarist-style government, and the effects of World War I.

Examines the various causes of the French Revolution, including financial problems, the influence of the philosophies of Voltaire and Lavoisier, and dislike of King Louis XVI. Keywords: France, Marie Antoinette

The dissatisfaction with the way France was administered reached a critical point during the reign of King Louis XVI. The mode of absolute government practice by the "divine right of a king" produced a government that was irresponsible and inefficient. There was and absence of any meaningful representative assembly and France had no single or codified system of laws.

A short overview of the underlying causes of the Protestant Reformation. The sale of indulgences by priests, Martin Luther's creation of his 95 Theses, and King Henry VIII's formation of the Church of England all played roles in the divisions of the Roman Catholic church.

No one single factor alone is responsible for World War I. Three key factors in causing the war were the imperialistic competition between many of the European nations, the arms race, and the alliance system. These factors, coupled with no means of compromise between the nations involved, made the war inevitable.

Spain, situated on the Iberian Peninsula, is separated from the rest of Europe by the Pyrenees Mountains and connected to Africa by Gibraltar. As a result, Spain's geographical location is a crossroads of cultures, and has generated centripetal and centrifugal forces.

Essay discusses the many changes brought about by the Industrial Revolution.

Essay outlines the major changes in British education since 1994, and comments on their rationale and impact.

This is an analysis of the varying views of Thomas Carlyle and John Stuart Mill regarding the Britain’s social and industrial changes in the 19th century. Carlyle feared the destruction of society, while Mill was more optimistic.

Essay describes how the people of Europe commonly searched for truth during the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries.

The great number of deaths in Europe from the Black Plague often resulted in a lack of male heirs, thus leading to the legal ability of women to inherit land and property. This new idea, teamed with the increase of women's wages due to worker shortages, led to women being able to marry younger men who were not yet able to support a family. The idea of true love and companionship in marriage also grew with this trend and is expressed in both The Canterbury Tales and Leon Battista Alberti's On the Family. As a result, women slowly became the equals to males in a relationship, paving the way for gender equality outside of marriage.

Details the six characteristics of the Renaissance. Relates each characteristic to the time period by example.

This essay is about Charlemagne and it includes information on his early life, his campaigns, his coronation and the decline of his empire

The latter part of the eighth century AD through the beginning of the ninth century AD was dominated by the reign of Emperor Charles the Great, also known as Charlemagne. Charlemagne's desire to create a kingdom similar to ancient Rome produced two of the best known religious and secular institutions of the century, which would greatly influence medieval life, his palace school and chapel at Aachen.

Provides biographical detail on the life and military career of Charlemagne, the Emperor of the Holy Roman Empire. Describes his war record, his significant impact on education and arts and his transformations to the structure of medieval government and politics make him a master in more than one field.

A basic overview of the reign of Charles V and his military tactics.

It talks about child rearing practices of the seventeenth and eighteenth century.

An overview of the origins of Chivalry during the Middle Ages.

The Roman Empire, before Christianity, was a polytheistic culture. There were many gods and goddesses that were worshiped for different reasons. Even small communities within the Roman Empire recognized their own deities along with the more popular gods and goddesses.

Christopher Columbus - good or bad?

The Renaissance in Europe during the 14th, 15th, and 16th centuries involved a rediscovery of classical Greek and Roman culture that followed the intellectual and cultural decline during the Middle Ages. This influence, along with the new philosophy of humanism, made significant contributions to Renaissance thinking, making an impact in European literature, art, curiosity and individualism, and culture. This influence changed European culture and ultimately laid the groundwork for present-day civilization.

Evaluates the invasion by Claudius on Britain and the effect his predecessors had.

Overall, these are great examples of how the development of iron helped to create major benefits for all different sorts of people. Iron helped to influence the major rise in employment to their exceptional accommodation and rise in salaries helps in attracting foreigners or local people to work or live in Coalbrookdale.

Describes how coalmining became an important part of the British economy in the 19th century, when the demand for coal became increasingly high due to the industrial revolution. Explores the mechanics of coalmining and the dangers experienced by miners.

The collapse of the Weimar Republic and democratic government in Germany occurred for a variety of reasons. The German people did not want a democratic government, particularly one that they blamed for the harsh terms of the Treaty of Versailles that were forced upon them. The Weimar constitution allowed for misuse of power and for smaller, extremist, and anti-democratic parties to disrupt the work of the Reichstag. Perhaps most importantly, the Great Depression divided the German people, led them to support more extremist groups who promised a better life, and enabled Hitler to take power.

The failure of collectivization in the Soviet Union during the late 1920s and 1930s was the result of Stalin's dictatorial regime. Collectivization failed to create a strong industrial base for Russia and could not support its people; yet the Soviet Union was at the mercy of Stalin, who held sole responsibility for maintaining this policy and did so through his reign of terror against his own people.

Rousseau and Locke differ slightly on how the question of sovereignty should be addressed. Rousseau believed that men would essentially destroy themselves due to their "mode of existence and therefore must enter into a government that controls them. Unlike Rousseau, Locke believed firmly in the fact that government should be split up into a legislative branch and a ruling branch, with the legislative branch being appointed as representatives of the people. He contends that people give up the power of their own rule to enter into a more powerful organization that protects life, liberties, property, and fortunes.

Compares and contrasts the renaissance movement in Italy with the renaissance movement in the rest of Europe. Explores how both movements stressed individualism. Discusses the effect religion and the Roman Catholic church had on both movements.

Compares the two dictators Joseph Stalin and Benito Mussolini. Examines how they differed in their ideologies, in the way they took power, and in the way they died.

A comparison of Defoe's Journal of The Plague Year and Behn's Oroonoko, in terms of the treatment of slaves as described by Behn versus the treatment of the poor as described by Defoe.

The long-term and short-term factors that led to the abdication of Tsar Nicholas II of Russia after 300 years of Romanov rule.

Discusses the conflict between Great Britain and Ireland over Northern Ireland. Examines issues between Catholics and Protestants. Includes transcripts from radio show featuring Gerry Adams and Tony Blair.

Discusses the Northern Ireland tragedy known as Bloody Sunday. Describes the deaths of the 13 marchers. Details the consequences to the Irish and British governments.

Explores the history of the Black Death, tracing it to 1331 central Asia. Examines the impact of the Black Death on Europe. Describes the personal devastation of the disease.

James Carroll brings you his personal story of how he learned what it is to suffer, what brought him in and out of priesthood, and how the Catholics and Jew are related pertaining to the events between 1933 and 1945, also known as the Holocaust.

Explores the history of the city of Constantinople and describes how it became the center of the Eastern Roman Empire and was the world's greatest commercial center. Describes the life of a merchant in Constantinople.

Describes the contact between the Europeans and the indigenous cultures during the era of European expansionism. Includes a discussion of the Tahitians and the Maoris. Analyzes their treatment by the European settlers.

How important a political leader was Otto von Bismarck during the time of German unification in 1871? Other contributing factors may have played a role in unification, but the following analysis indicates that unification may have been delayed or stopped altogether but for Bismarck's skill, will, and senses of pragmatism and of political opportunism.