Book 1: Chapter 12 Summary

It is Christmas morning and grandfather reads the morning prayers. Jim particularly likes hearing his grandfather's voice reading prayers. The day is still full of chores, but Otto writes home to his mother on Christmas day, as is his annual ritual. Mr. Shimerda visits and is described as being particularly at ease and comfortable. At one point Mr. Shimerda kneels and prays before the Christmas tree, which seems like idolization to the Burdens. Mr. Shimerda also stays for dinner.

Book 1: Chapter 12 Analysis

Mr. Shimerda's contentment during his visit is the focal point of this chapter. Mr. Shimerda feels happy, at peace in this cozy home, and it moves him to pray. Again, the reader is faced with recognizing the hardships with which the Shimerdas live.