Research ethics is typically divided into two categories: those issues inherent in the practice of research, and those that arise in the application or use of research findings. In the United States, ethical practice has come to be known as the responsible conduct of research (RCR); outside the United States another common term is good scientific practice (GSP). Ethical issues associated with the application of research findings deal with their use in the support of legal, social, or economic policy as well as their technological applications (e.g., genetic engineering in therapy and agriculture, bioweapons development, and dam siting and construction).

Many entries in the Encyclopedia of Science, Technology, and Ethics cover different aspects of research ethics in more detail. Prime examples include the entries on "Responsible Conduct of Research" and "Scientific Integrity," the composite on "Misconduct in Science," and the series dealing with...