Borlaug, known as the father of the "green revolution" or agricultural revolution, was born on March 25, 1914, on a small farm near Cresco, Iowa. He received a B.S. in forestry in 1937 followed by a master's degree in 1940 and a Ph.D. in 1941 in plant pathology all from the University of Minnesota.

Agriculture is an activity of humans with profound impact on the environment. Traditional cereal grain production methods in some countries have led to recurrent famine. Food in these countries can be increased either by expansion of land area under cultivation or by enhancement of crop yield per unit of land. In many developing countries, little if any space for agricultural expansion remains, hence interest is focused on increasing cereal grain yield. This is especially true with regard to wheat, rice, and maize.

Borlaug is associated...