Aristotle in the West and the East.

Owing to vagaries of history, the complete body of Aristotle's writings was lost to the Latin West. The only bits and pieces available were a couple of treatises on logic, a discipline Aristotle invented, and some commentaries on those works: in particular, the Categories and the On Interpretation (the texts translated by Boethius, both collectively referred to as the "Old Logic"); the Topics of Cicero, and the Topical Differences of Boethius, together with the latter's translation of Porphyry's Isagoge (Introduction to the Categories) as well as his commentaries on the Isagoge, Categories, and On Interpretation. This is all that was known—directly and indirectly—of Aristotle's enormous contribution until the twelfth century. The same was not the case in the Muslim world. As part of the plunder from their conquest of much of the Mediterranean...