The International Red Cross works to alleviate human suffering and promote public health. In 1986, its name was changed to the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement. It is one of the largest humanitarian networks in the world. Based in Geneva, Switzerland, the movement has a presence and activities in nearly every country in the world. The Red Cross or Red Crescent flag is known worldwide as a symbol of mercy and neutrality. The International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement is guided by seven fundamental principles: humanity, impartiality, neutrality, independence, voluntary service, unity, and universality.

The International Red Cross was established in 1863, after a book by Swiss businessman Jean Henry Dunant, A Memory of Solferino, raised awareness about the lack of medical services on the battlefield of Solferino in northern Italy. The book appealed for the establishment of peacetime volunteer societies with nurses...