The invention of the Calculus by the mathematicians Isaac Newton (1642-1727) of England and Gottfreid Wilhelm Leibniz (1646-1716) of Germany, stands as one of the supreme intellectual achievements of the ages. The calculus, as applied by Newton to the study of motion, ushered in a revolution in science, the results of which are still being felt as we enter the 21st century. Newton had set for himself the task of describing the laws of gravity and the motion of the planets about the sun. The mathematics that existed before Newton was inadequate for this project. In order to bring his theories to life, Newton needed a more powerful mathematics that could deal with instantaneous rates of change instead of the average rates of change that could be calculated using arithmetic and algebra. In order to give a more accurate description of the motion of a body than had...