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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. What does Isaacson report that members of the Truman Administration suggested caused the political opposition to the Truman Doctrine to confront Soviet Communism wherever it was asserted?
(a) Economic realists who were able to point out the long-term consequences of taxing labor to support foreign interventions.
(b) "A spirit of malaise" that blinded the public to understand America's role as the "indispensable nation."
(c) Isolationism and a "let Europe go" mood.
(d) A "head-in-the-sand" mentality in flyover country over the urgency of turning back international communism.

2. Who does Isaacson report to have committed the U.S. to active ground war in Korea?
(a) President Truman.
(b) The U.S. Congress.
(c) Dean Acheson.
(d) General Douglas MacArthur.

3. How does Isaacson detail how the last of the "Six Wise Men" whom President-Elect Kennedy called affected Kennedy's decision for Secretary of State?
(a) He detailed how each of his candidates had helped to direct the policies that were made to confront the Soviet menace in the immediate period following WWII.
(b) He suggested that President-Elect Kennedy read an article in Foreign Affairs that one of the candidates for Secretary of State wrote.
(c) He rejected Kennedy's offer for the position.
(d) He wrote a letter to the editor of the New York Times expressing the qualities of Kennedy's eventual nominee.

4. What does Isaacson claim to have been the primary purpose of the telegram to President Truman with the warning of Soviet aggression?
(a) To support a greater role for military actions against communist aggression.
(b) To give support for more military spending in the battle to confront communism.
(c) To assist military chiefs in Congressional testimony.
(d) To become the basis for a propaganda campaign that helped to condense power within the foreign policy elite.

5. Where does Isaacson indicate two crises confronted the Kennedy Adminstration in 1961?
(a) Peking and Moscow.
(b) Laos and Berlin.
(c) Vietnam and Czechoslovakia.
(d) Iran and Israel.

Short Answer Questions

1. Why was General MacArthur fired according to Isaacson?

2. Who does Isaacson report to be the last of the "Six Wise Men" whom President-Elect Kennedy called before he made his choice for Secretary of State?

3. Who eventually took the position of Ambassador to Vietnam, according to Isaacson?

4. Who does Isaacson report that President Truman chose to administer the European Recovery Plan (The Marshall Plan) in Europe?

5. What does Isaacson record that Mao claimed to be the source of Chinese soldiers in North Korean combat units?

Short Essay Questions

1. What does Isaacson claim Clark Clifford wrote in a campaign strategy memo regarding the affect of the Soviet clampdown on Czechoslovakia on the reelection chances of President Truman?

2. How does Isaacson explain the changes in the military policy of the Truman Administration once it became clear the Soviet Union had nuclear weapons?

3. What did Isaacson identify as George Kennan's recommended next phase for dealing with communist expansionism after he felt that his plan for containment was working?

4. How many coups were conducted in Vietnam in less than a year between 1963 and 1964, according to Isaacson?

5. What organization did John McCloy help to form that became the precursor to the European Common Market, according to Isaacson?

6. What was the focus of George Kennan's "Long Telegram" according to Isaacson?

7. Who does Isaacson claim that Dean Acheson supported for the 1960 Democrat Presidential nomination over John F. Kennedy?

8. What does Isaacson claim Winston Churchill offered as a suggestion for a solution to Soviet expansionism in his "Iron Curtain" speech in Missouri?

9. What does Isaacson claim made President Dwight D. Eisenhower's Secretary of State, John Foster Dulles, attractive to the eastern foreign policy Establishment?

10. What Southeast Asian country did President Eisenhower tell President-Elect Kennedy was the "key" to keeping communism from overtaking all of Southeast Asia according to Isaacson?

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