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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. Who does Isaacson report to have committed the U.S. to active ground war in Korea?
(a) The U.S. Congress.
(b) General Douglas MacArthur.
(c) Dean Acheson.
(d) President Truman.

2. Who does Isaacson claim that Dean Acheson, Robert Lovett, and John McCloy suggested for President-Elect Kennedy's Secretary of State?
(a) Paul Nitze.
(b) David Bruce.
(c) Dean Rusk.
(d) Bill Fulbright.

3. What does Isaacson suggest shaped President Johnson's views on dealing with Soviet Communism?
(a) Johnson's desire to show his power against that of the leaders of the Soviet Union.
(b) Johnson's admiration for the Truman Administration's confrontation of communist imperialism.
(c) The views of Dean Acheson as he served as a congressman in the late 1940's.
(d) The viciousness with which Joseph Stalin purged political enemies throughout his reign.

4. What does Isaacson claim to be George Kennan's biggest concern regarding Soviet Communism?
(a) Its ability to adjust and change its public approaches based upon efforts to contain it.
(b) Populist indignation at elites.
(c) The appeal to the working class being taxed to support international efforts.
(d) Subversion, not invasion.

5. What did Winston Churchill recommend as a solution to the challenge of growing Soviet Power?
(a) Economic warfare.
(b) Forming NATO .
(c) Improving working conditions to prevent labor upheavals.
(d) An Anglo-American alliance.

Short Answer Questions

1. Why was General MacArthur fired according to Isaacson?

2. Where does Isaacson indicate two crises confronted the Kennedy Adminstration in 1961?

3. Who does Isaacson report to have offered proposals that the United States develop an intelligence-gathering system?

4. What does Isaacson suggest to be the result of George Kennan's "Long Telegram"?

5. What does Isaacson write of what became of the "Six Wise Men" after Dwight D. Eisenhower was elected president in 1952?

Short Essay Questions

1. What does Isaacson claim to be Stalin's reaction to the Marshall Plan?

2. What organization did John McCloy help to form that became the precursor to the European Common Market, according to Isaacson?

3. How does Isaacson explain the changes in the military policy of the Truman Administration once it became clear the Soviet Union had nuclear weapons?

4. What Southeast Asian country did President Eisenhower tell President-Elect Kennedy was the "key" to keeping communism from overtaking all of Southeast Asia according to Isaacson?

5. What was Dean Acheson's view regarding America's involvement in Vietnam, according to Isaacson?

6. Why did Truman's most trusted foreign advisers, including Robert Lovett, George Kennan, Chip Bohlen, and Dean Acheson, oppose the formation of a Jewish State in Palestine, according to Isaacson?

7. What does Isaacson report to be the entry into the logbook of the Enola Gay to record the dropping of the atomic bomb over Hiroshima?

8. Who were the first two of the "Six Wise Men" to remove themselves from advising President Johnson because they could no longer support America's involvement in Vietnam, according to Isaacson?

9. What does Isaacson claim Winston Churchill offered as a suggestion for a solution to Soviet expansionism in his "Iron Curtain" speech in Missouri?

10. How did President Truman respond to the North Korean invasion of South Korea on June 24, 1950, according to Isaacson?

(see the answer keys)

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