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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. Who was asked to approach President-Elect Kennedy's choice for Secretary of State to offer him the position, according to Isaacson?
(a) Dean Acheson.
(b) Robert Lovett.
(c) David Bruce.
(d) Bobby Kennedy.

2. To whom did President Kennedy look in an attempt to peacefully settle the conflicts in Laos?
(a) Dean Acheson.
(b) Averell Harriman.
(c) Robert Lovett.
(d) George Kennan.

3. Who did President Eisenhower choose for his Ambassador to Russia, according to Isaacson?
(a) Dean Acheson.
(b) George Kennan.
(c) Averell Harriman.
(d) Chip Bohlen.

4. What does Isaacson record that Mao claimed to be the source of Chinese soldiers in North Korean combat units?
(a) Mao claimed that China was not involved, that there were no Chinese soldiers in Korea.
(b) Mao claimed that they were communist sympathizers from throughout Asia seeking to ignite the international revolution.
(c) Mao claimed that they were Russians equipped by China.
(d) Mao claimed they were Chinese volunteers who were protecting Chinese hydroelectric plants along the Yalu River.

5. What does Isaacson report that Clark Clifford wrote in a campaign memo to use the Soviet Crisis to help President Truman's re-election campaign for 1948?
(a) "In times of crisis, the American citizen tends to back up his President."
(b) "Great wars define great leaders."
(c) "This gives us the opportunity to make voters fear a change at this time."
(d) "Never waste a good crisis."

Short Answer Questions

1. Who was the Republican upon whom the Truman Administration focused to win support for the Marshall Plan, according to Isaacson?

2. What does Isaacson record came of Kennan's concern regarding confronting Soviet Communism?

3. When and where was the first atomic bomb used on Japan?

4. What were the three questions President Truman wrote regarding America's confrontation with Soviet aggression?

5. What does Isaacson claim that Averell Harriman and his Wall Street contemporaries believed to be the best guarantee for American security?

Short Essay Questions

1. What does Isaacson claim to be Stalin's reaction to the Marshall Plan?

2. Why did the Truman Administration consider making an atomic arms control "covenant" with the Soviet Union, according to Isaacson?

3. What Southeast Asian country did President Eisenhower tell President-Elect Kennedy was the "key" to keeping communism from overtaking all of Southeast Asia according to Isaacson?

4. Who were the first two of the "Six Wise Men" to remove themselves from advising President Johnson because they could no longer support America's involvement in Vietnam, according to Isaacson?

5. According to Isaacson, what caused President Truman to remove General Douglas MacArthur from his command over the conduct of South Korean forces in the Korean War?

6. How does Isaacson report England was affected by the end of WWII?

7. What does Isaacson claim Clark Clifford wrote in a campaign strategy memo regarding the affect of the Soviet clampdown on Czechoslovakia on the reelection chances of President Truman?

8. What did Isaacson identify as George Kennan's recommended next phase for dealing with communist expansionism after he felt that his plan for containment was working?

9. What does Isaacson claim Winston Churchill offered as a suggestion for a solution to Soviet expansionism in his "Iron Curtain" speech in Missouri?

10. How many coups were conducted in Vietnam in less than a year between 1963 and 1964, according to Isaacson?

(see the answer keys)

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