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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.

Short Answer Questions

1. Newfoundland was founded in what year?

2. When was Martin Luther King, Jr. assassinated?

3. The English language in Ireland is still _____ and non-standardized, according to Robert McCrum.

4. How many blacks still speak the dialect of Gullah today?

5. When did Jamaica regain complete independence?

Short Essay Questions

1. How did appreciation for the Australian dialect change in the 20th century? Why?

2. What words developed from the spread of Americans to the West?

3. When and how did Australian English develop?

4. What impact did Black English have on whites in the American South?

5. When was Webster's Dictionary first published? How many copies were sold in his lifetime?

6. How has English developed among African nations?

7. When did black pidgin languages first originate and why?

8. What effect did Webster have on differentiating British and American English standardization?

9. What effect did World War II have on the Cockney language? What other world events affected it?

10. When did the Act of Union take place in Irish/English history? What effect did it have on English?

Essay Topics

Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:

Essay Topic 1

Describe the origins of the English language. When do linguists believe the first traces of what we know as English today appear in history? Where?

Essay Topic 2

Discuss how dialects reflect human culture and class station, specifically in Great Britain. What do the authors write regarding the fluidity of accents and culture in Chapter 1, An English-Speaking World?

Essay Topic 3

Describe how Black English affects language today in popular culture, including television, film, music, and other influences. What contributions can they name which originated in African culture?

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