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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. During Edward IV's reign, what was England's state?
(a) Incredibly wealthy.
(b) Wracked with conflict.
(c) Stable.
(d) Impoverished.

2. Where did the Queen flee for sanctuary?
(a) Northampton.
(b) Westminster.
(c) St. Paul's Cathedral.
(d) Bath.

3. How was Hastings captured?
(a) Gloucester staged an ambush in the council room.
(b) He was captured while hiding in an inn.
(c) Gloucester followed him into a church and arrested him.
(d) He was captured after a chase on horses.

4. What title did Edward IV give Richard just before his death?
(a) Duke of Warwick.
(b) The Lord Protector of the Realm.
(c) The High Admiral.
(d) Interim King Richard III.

5. When do most contemporary historians think Gloucester had made up his mind to usurp the throne?
(a) The middle of June, 1483.
(b) The end of May, 1483.
(c) The end of September, 1483.
(d) The beginning of January, 1483.

Short Answer Questions

1. Why was Hastings executed so swiftly after Gloucester's accusation?

2. Between what two houses was the War of the Roses?

3. Who probably wrote the Croyland Chronicle?

4. How did King Edward IV stun the world with his marriage?

5. Initially, who was Gloucester's chief supporter?

Short Essay Questions

1. During his life, which of Edward IV's brothers was the most power-hunger and why?

2. When Hastings learned of Gloucester's plot to take the throne, what did he do?

3. How did Gloucester back up his claim that Edward V was illegitimate?

4. What were the two opposing sides regarding Gloucester's role as Protector?

5. How did Gloucester eventually neutralize Hastings?

6. What does Weir theorize about Richard's deformity?

7. Why was the succession to the English throne unstable in the fifteenth century after Edward III's death?

8. Why did most of the magnates despise the Wydvilles?

9. What was amazing about Gloucester and Buckingham's coup?

10. Why did the Queen have reason to fear Gloucester?

(see the answer keys)

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