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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. What is the difference between Gloucester's Protectorship and Duke Humphrey's?
(a) Humphrey had control of the military and Gloucester did not.
(b) Humphrey was a figurehead and Gloucester had sovereign power.
(c) Humphrey had sovereign power and Gloucester was a figurehead.
(d) Humphrey staged a coup and Gloucester was loyal to the king.

2. With what country had England declared war just before the death of Edward IV?
(a) Germany.
(b) France.
(c) Portugal.
(d) Spain.

3. From whom was Henry Stafford, second Duke of Buckingham, descended?
(a) Richard I.
(b) Edward III.
(c) Henry VIII.
(d) William the Conqueror.

4. When Gloucester and Buckingham arrived at Northampton, where was the King?
(a) Ten miles west in Shropshire.
(b) Thirty miles south in London.
(c) Fourteen miles south in Stony Stratford.
(d) Fifteen miles north in Bath.

5. Why did Edward IV and Clarence quarrel over Warwick's estates?
(a) Clarence was not given all the estates like he wanted.
(b) Edward IV was not allowed to keep the estates.
(c) Edward IV gave the estates back to Warwick.
(d) Clarence did not think Warwick's estates should have been taken.

Short Answer Questions

1. What process usually reserved for magnates of the realm was overlooked before Hastings' execution?

2. In 1453, King Henry VI suffered what kind of mental illness?

3. What two groups did Edward IV fail to unify before his death?

4. In what part of England were the Wydvilles in control?

5. How did Richard increase his power on the council?

Short Essay Questions

1. In what kind of world did Richard, Duke of Gloucester and brother of Henry IV, come of age?

2. How did Richard of Gloucester avoid becoming ensnared in the various court intrigues?

3. Why did most of the magnates despise the Wydvilles?

4. What does Weir theorize about Richard's deformity?

5. How did Gloucester back up his claim that Edward V was illegitimate?

6. Why, eventually, did King Edward IV have Clarence executed?

7. How did Gloucester increase his power in the Council?

8. During his life, which of Edward IV's brothers was the most power-hunger and why?

9. How did Gloucester lull Rivers into a false sense of security?

10. How was Richard III formally asked to become King?

(see the answer keys)

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