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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. During Edward IV's reign, what was England's state?
(a) Incredibly wealthy.
(b) Impoverished.
(c) Wracked with conflict.
(d) Stable.

2. In what part of England did Richard of Gloucester live and govern?
(a) The east.
(b) The north.
(c) The south.
(d) The west.

3. How was Hastings captured?
(a) Gloucester staged an ambush in the council room.
(b) Gloucester followed him into a church and arrested him.
(c) He was captured after a chase on horses.
(d) He was captured while hiding in an inn.

4. How did Hastings react when Richard confided his plans to him?
(a) Hastings flees north to Scotland.
(b) Hastings immediately plans to seize the throne for himself.
(c) Hastings was shocked and warned the king.
(d) Hastings supported him in usurping the throne.

5. In what year was Richard of Gloucester born?
(a) 1452.
(b) 1443.
(c) 1554.
(d) 1462.

6. From whom was Henry Stafford, second Duke of Buckingham, descended?
(a) Richard I.
(b) Henry VIII.
(c) Edward III.
(d) William the Conqueror.

7. Why was Edward IV's marriage to Elizabeth Wydville scandalous?
(a) She was six months pregnant when they wed.
(b) He was already married.
(c) He was already betrothed to a princess.
(d) She was considered a commoner.

8. Edward V grew up under control of which court faction?
(a) The Yorkists.
(b) The Tudors.
(c) The Wydvilles.
(d) The Northerners.

9. What significant person died at the Battler of Tewkesbury?
(a) King Henry VI.
(b) King Edward IV.
(c) The Earl of Warwick.
(d) Prince Edward of Lancaster.

10. How many legitimate children did Richard have?
(a) One.
(b) Five.
(c) Thirteen.
(d) Three.

11. To whom did Gloucester claim Edward IV was pre-contracted, invalidating his marriage to Elizabeth Wydville?
(a) Anne Neville.
(b) Elizabeth Shore.
(c) Lady Eleanor Butler.
(d) Juana of Portugal.

12. Who did Gloucester basically force out of sanctuary?
(a) Richard, Duke of York.
(b) Edward V.
(c) Elizabeth Wydville.
(d) Henry Tudor.

13. What was the document that formally presented Gloucester's claim to the throne?
(a) Renia Suprema.
(b) The Act of Attainder.
(c) Titulus Regius.
(d) The King's Claim.

14. What were Gloucester and Buckingham planning?
(a) A coup.
(b) A coronation party for King Edward V.
(c) A war with Scotland.
(d) A war with France.

15. How did contemporary magnates feel about the Wydvilles?
(a) No one knew the Wydvilles at court.
(b) They disliked the faction, thinking them common.
(c) They supported the faction, which was very popular.
(d) They had no feeling one way or another.

Short Answer Questions

1. Why did Edward IV take out loans from London financiers?

2. What do most commentators and historians agree Edward IV's marriage was based upon?

3. When do most contemporary historians think Gloucester had made up his mind to usurp the throne?

4. Where did Gloucester send Rivers, Grey, and Vaughn?

5. Initially, who was Gloucester's chief supporter?

(see the answer keys)

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