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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.

Short Answer Questions

1. Where are the stacked crates taken in an illustration in Chapter 4?

2. What is a core of wire wound around an iron core?

3. The speed of the vibration affects ____________.

4. What causes electrons to move?

5. What is white light?

Short Essay Questions

1. Describe some types of memory.

2. What is a CPU and how is it illustrated by Macaulay?

3. How is magnetism caused?

4. What are electrons? What does their movement create?

5. How do some frequencies of electromagnetic wavers appear to our eyes? Which waves can we not see?

6. What topic does Part 5 cover?

7. Briefly discuss the three ways musical instruments create waves.

8. How do liquid crystal displays work?

9. Discuss the composition of light.

10. What is current electricity? What is required to generate it?

Essay Topics

Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:

Essay Topic 1

Discuss the following:

1) How do gears work? Why would you add a belt to a gear? Explain the different ways two gears can work.

2) What is the effect of speed on gears? What about size?

3) Define the four different types of gears and their purposes.

4) Research the history of gears. When were they invented? By whom? Where? How were the first gears made? How are they made today? What materials have they used to make gears in the past? In the present? Are gears still an important tool today?

Essay Topic 2

Discuss the following:

1) Using examples, explain how a heating element works and the principle(s) of physics behind the element working.

2) Explain how heat can be used to keep things cool. Be sure to discuss both the molecular principle related to cooling and the process of cooling itself in both an air conditioner and a refrigerator.

3) Research and discuss the cultural and environmental impact the ability to cool via an air conditioner and refrigerator has had.

Essay Topic 3

Discuss the following:

1) Which is easier: To pull something down or to pull it up? Why? What is the relevance of this question to the concept of pulleys?

2) Discuss the various types of pulleys, giving examples of each type.

3) Research the history of pulleys and write an informative essay on what you find. Consider the following questions: When were they invented? By whom? Where? How were the first pulleys made? How are they made today? What materials have they used to make pulleys in the past? In the present? Are pulleys still an important tool today?

(see the answer keys)

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