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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.

Short Answer Questions

1. What causes sideways movements of a ship?

2. What principle does a thermostat use?

3. What is the effort you put in combined with the distance over which the effort is done?

4. What are two things that can happen to light rays?

5. Why is cold water denser than warm water?

Short Essay Questions

1. What is an internal combustion engine? Cite several examples of such engines.

2. How do power crafts control their direction?

3. How do heating elements work?

4. Upon what law of physics are the simple machines that are introduced in Part 1 governed?

5. Explain thermal radiation.

6. How does a ship use plimsoll lines?

7. How does the atom bomb work?

8. What rays does the sun emit? How do those rays react to an object?

9. How does a zipper work?

10. Discuss the concept of floating.

Essay Topics

Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:

Essay Topic 1

Discuss the following:

1) Define the Principle of Action and Reaction and the Principle of Suction.

2) How is the Principle of Action and Reaction related to a propeller? Explain with examples.

3) How is the principle of suction related to propellers? Explain with examples.

4) How does a sailboat use the principle of suction? How does a sailboat with two triangular sails differ from a sailboat with only one triangular sail with regards to the principle of suction?

5) Do you think the principle of suction applies to using a straw to drink? Explain your response.

Essay Topic 2

1) Define the term airfoil and state where you are likely to find one of them.

2) What does an airfoil create? How does it do so?

3) What are the two opposing pairs of forces at work in an airplane? Explain how those two forces work together to make a plane fly.

4) Explain how a helicopter differs from an airplane in the way it uses the principles of lift and thrust.

Essay Topic 3

One of the greatest impacts upon modern society is the invention of the internal combustion engine. Discuss the following:

1) What is an internal combustion engine?

2) Compare an engine that uses gas to one that is used in a jet.

3) Do you think the overall impact of the internal combustion engine in the modern world has been positive or negative? Explain your answer.

4) What engine preceded the internal combustion engine and what did this engine precipitate? Explain how this engine works.

(see the answer keys)

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