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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. Who was Emiliano Zapata?
(a) The leader of the Revolution of the South.
(b) The military leader in Diaz's regime.
(c) The first leader of the Revolution.
(d) The replacement in Diaz's regime.

2. Why does poetry tend to eradicate history? (Chapter Seven).
(a) Because it does not understand history.
(b) Because it disdains history.
(c) Because it transcends history.
(d) Because it attempts to explicate history.

3. What was sacrificed when Porfirio Diaz took power and subdued anarchy?
(a) Nothing.
(b) Equality.
(c) Liberty.
(d) Possibility.

4. What event precipitated Spain's complete loss of power?
(a) Mexico's revolt against her.
(b) Her faith losing all potency.
(c) The loss of her naval supremacy.
(d) Her strong monarch's death.

5. When Paz sees that Mexicans return to their tradition, what do they remember?
(a) That they do not belong to a greater universal tradition.
(b) That their tradition is mostly Indian.
(c) That their tradition is rooted in conquest and slavery.
(d) That they are part of Spain's tradition.

Short Answer Questions

1. How did the Revolution relate to reality?

2. What did the Revolution force the Mexican people to do?

3. What was the purpose of the publishing house Fondo de Cultura Economica?

4. How does the Indian perceive salvation? (Chapter Five).

5. What was Vasconcelos' philosophy regarding the material world?

Short Essay Questions

1. How was the Revolution similar to a fiesta? Because of any existing similarity, why do the people cling to that time in history? Can that be considered healthy?

2. How does Paz define "Mexicanism"? How does it mesh with the individual whom he had described earlier?

3. How did Catholicism reduce the Indian converts into passive believers? How was that a significant blow?

4. Despite Mexico's advancements, where does she still stand on the world spectrum? How can she change her placement?

5. What is Paz's definition of "community"? How is that definition knowingly idealistic?

6. What role did religion play in ancient South American cultures? Did Catholicism change that role?

7. Why did the new Constitution mandate that education be secular? How might that have made the Mexicans feel?

8. How does Paz explain the suicides of the Aztec people? Is it a reasonable explanation?

9. What is the role of the Mexican intelligentsia within society? How does it differ from the function of the intelligentsia within the United States and Europe; and which one is a better role?

10. Why was the Aztec nation able to unify so many diverse tribes? How were they quite skilled with that type of action?

(see the answer keys)

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