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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. In Jose Gaos' thought, what unique opportunity do young people have through their education?
(a) Moving Mexico into the world sphere.
(b) Rebuilding their political system.
(c) Creating their own philosophy.
(d) Modifying Spanish to meet the needs of the South Americans.

2. According to Paz, who is most fascinated by death?
(a) The old.
(b) The dying.
(c) The youth.
(d) The infant.

3. How did the Revolution relate to reality?
(a) It brought about a new idea of reality.
(b) It subtly altered the past idea of reality.
(c) It denied reality.
(d) It was a sheer explosion of reality.

4. What is Paz's solution for the lack of capital?
(a) Build better and more factories.
(b) Learn to harness the raw materials.
(c) Use human labor to the best advantage.
(d) Invest in other economies, particularly the United States.

5. When did Spain begin to lose her hold on Mexico?
(a) The end of the 17th Century.
(b) The early 19th Century.
(c) The end of the 16th Century.
(d) The middle of the 19th Century.

Short Answer Questions

1. What horror did Cortez's rule not commit?

2. Who authored. the book, Profile of Man and Culture in Mexico?

3. What was the purpose of the publishing house Fondo de Cultura Economica?

4. When Paz sees that Mexicans return to their tradition, what do they remember?

5. In Paz's philosophy, why must Mexicans face reality alone?

Short Essay Questions

1. What role did religion play in ancient South American cultures? Did Catholicism change that role?

2. Paz asserts that every revolution attempts to restore the order that an oppressor has twisted or disregarded altogether. How was that true in Mexico?

3. What does Paz think of the Soviet Union? How does it compare to Mexico?

4. What is the role of the Mexican intelligentsia within society? How does it differ from the function of the intelligentsia within the United States and Europe; and which one is a better role?

5. Throughout his career, what did Jorge Cuesta argue? What are the benefits and downfalls of his argument?

6. How does Paz explain the suicides of the Aztec people? Is it a reasonable explanation?

7. Why could Mexico not have progressed as far as she has today if she were working within capitalism?

8. What is Paz's definition of "community"? How is that definition knowingly idealistic?

9. Why was the Aztec nation able to unify so many diverse tribes? How were they quite skilled with that type of action?

10. How was the Revolution similar to a fiesta? Because of any existing similarity, why do the people cling to that time in history? Can that be considered healthy?

(see the answer keys)

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