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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. In Paz's estimation, why do the common people follow their revolutionary leaders?
(a) They identify with the men.
(b) They believe in the revolution, regardless of who leads it.
(c) They have no desire to upset the progress of the Revolution.
(d) They are intimidated by the leaders.

2. What horror did Cortez's rule not commit?
(a) Complete annihilation of the native peoples.
(b) Forcing indigenous people to speak European Spanish.
(c) Raping the indigenous women.
(d) Denying the conquered people a place in society.

3. What did the Revolution force the Mexican people to do?
(a) Confront history and invent their future.
(b) Synthesize their colonial past with the pre-Catholicism past..
(c) Think about the future in global terms.
(d) Overcome the institutions of colonialism.

4. How did Paz see the 20th Century?
(a) A time when dictators took more power than ever before.
(b) A time when all historical eras mingled and merged.
(c) A time when feudalism was finally thrown off.
(d) A time when the common man asserted himself.

5. What was the most radical period of the Revolution?
(a) The Calles Coup.
(b) The three months leading up to the revolt.
(c) The Obregon Administration.
(d) The Cardenas Administration.

Short Answer Questions

1. How did the Revolution relate to reality?

2. Which of the following created the Spanish monarchy?

3. Why were the Indians not outraged that their religions were replaced with Catholicism? (Chapter Five).

4. What should Mexicans recognize about their alienation from the world?

5. What was Vasconcelos' philosophy regarding the material world?

Short Essay Questions

1. Why could Mexico not have progressed as far as she has today if she were working within capitalism?

2. How does unemployment on the farms affect the cities? How does it slow all of Mexico's development?

3. What role did religion play in ancient South American cultures? Did Catholicism change that role?

4. When did Independence begin in Mexico? How was it similar to or different from the Conquest?

5. Despite Mexico's advancements, where does she still stand on the world spectrum? How can she change her placement?

6. What does Paz say about the national differences among Central and South American nations? How does that tie into their relationship with Spain?

7. How was the Revolution similar to a fiesta? Because of any existing similarity, why do the people cling to that time in history? Can that be considered healthy?

8. How did Catholicism reduce the Indian converts into passive believers? How was that a significant blow?

9. How does Paz define "Mexicanism"? How does it mesh with the individual whom he had described earlier?

10. Paz asserts that every revolution attempts to restore the order that an oppressor has twisted or disregarded altogether. How was that true in Mexico?

(see the answer keys)

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